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  • You have known for a long time that the universe is expanding.

    你早就知道宇宙在膨脹。

  • If you look at distant galaxies, they are moving away from us,

    如果你看遙遠的星系,它們正在遠離我們。

  • And the more distant galaxies are moving faster.

    而更遙遠的星系移動速度更快。

  • So really, it’s not really an explosion of galaxies away from us;

    所以,其實這並不是離我們遠去的星系的爆炸。

  • All galaxies are moving away from all the other galaxies.

    所有的星系都在遠離其他星系。

  • Space itself is getting bigger.

    空間本身越來越大。

  • But you would expect that the expansion of the universe is something that will slow down.

    但你會想到,宇宙的膨脹是會減緩的。

  • These galaxies have gravity and they attract each other

    這些星系有引力,它們互相吸引。

  • So you would expect that the expansion of the universe will diminish with time.

    所以你會預期宇宙的膨脹會隨著時間的推移而減少。

  • So it was a big surprise in 1998 when we realized that the galaxies were actually speeding up.

    所以在1998年,當我們意識到星系實際上在加速的時候,這是一個很大的驚喜。

  • If you look at one galaxy, non-only it is moving away from us,

    如果你看一個星系,非只有它在遠離我們。

  • But tomorrow it will be moving away from us faster.

    但明天它將更快地遠離我們。

  • This is what we call the acceleration of the universe.

    這就是我們所說的宇宙的加速度。

  • But we are not completely shocked,

    但我們並沒有完全震驚。

  • We have a good theoretical model handed down to us

    我們有一個很好的理論模型傳給了我們

  • by Einstein.

    由愛因斯坦。

  • The idea that even empty space has energy, what we call vacuum energy or dark energy.

    認為即使是空曠的空間也有能量,也就是我們所說的真空能或暗能量。

  • And this vacuum energy pushes space itself and causes distant galaxies to move away from us

    而這種真空能量推動了空間本身,導致遙遠的星系遠離我們

  • Faster and faster. That is where the acceleration comes from.

    越來越快。這就是加速度的來源。

  • So theoretical cosmologists are trying to understand what could be going on.

    所以理論宇宙學家們正在試圖瞭解可能發生的事情。

  • Is it really vacuum energy? Is some variation of that?

    真的是真空能量嗎?是某種變體嗎?

  • Or is it even a modification of Einstein’s general relativity, our theory of gravity?

    甚至是對愛因斯坦的廣義相對論、我們的萬有引力理論的修改?

  • If vacuum energy is the right answer, the universe will continue to expand,

    如果真空能量是正確的答案,宇宙將繼續膨脹。

  • The galaxies will move away from us and the universe will gradually become a lonelier, darker,

    星系將遠離我們,宇宙將逐漸變得更加孤獨、黑暗。

  • emptier place.

    更空的地方。

You have known for a long time that the universe is expanding.

你早就知道宇宙在膨脹。

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