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  • It was supposed to be one of the largest IPOs of the year.

  • But the shared office group WeWork

  • was instead plunged into crisis after investors

  • failed to buy into its valuation of $47bn

  • or its promises of elevating the world's consciousness.

  • The IPO was called off, and the chief executive resigned.

  • But what exactly is WeWork?

  • Put simply, it rents out office space,

  • decorates it in a distinctive style,

  • and rents it out on all-inclusive deals

  • to businesses ranging from start-ups to Facebook and HSBC.

  • It's grown at a breakneck pace.

  • In recent years, it's become the largest private tenant

  • in Manhattan and central London.

  • The former chief executive, Adam Neumann,

  • previously told the FT it was about much

  • more than office space.

  • A lot of times, people ask me if we

  • compete against co-working spaces or against Regus

  • and the answer is no.

  • We're competing against office.

  • We're changing the way people work.

  • One of the ways that really differentiates us is community.

  • But WeWork's quick expansion came at a price.

  • As the company grew, bankrolled by its biggest

  • investor, SoftBank, its losses have ballooned.

  • Last year it reported a loss of $1.6bn on sales of $1.8bn.

  • They combined three things that when put together are very,

  • very dangerous or difficult. When you have losses...

  • like, very big losses...

  • when you have opacity... like, you're very,

  • very difficult to analyse, because you haven't provided

  • details...

  • and arrogance.

  • So when companies are difficult to analyse,

  • then the trust of the management team becomes more important.

  • And when investors, you know, looked hard at this team

  • to see if there was a team here that they could trust,

  • I think that's when things started

  • to unravel for this process.

  • Another problem for investors was the way WeWork is run.

  • This is the business structure they submitted

  • when they were hoping to list.

  • It's a structure known as a UPC, which offers tax

  • benefits to early investors.

  • It also creates different share classes.

  • The former chief executive, Neumann,

  • would have had 20 times as many votes per share

  • as ordinary shareholders.

  • Investors were worried about his levels of control and other

  • deals, like his decision to charge the company almost $6m

  • to use the word "we."

  • After an outcry, that decision was reversed.

  • Now Mr Neumann is out.

  • The new co-chief executives have signalled a slimming down

  • of the company, and they are selling off its private jet,

  • which Neumann used to travel the globe

  • and which the company bought just last year for $60m.

  • But some landlords still think WeWork has huge potential.

  • Mike Hussey of London-based Almacantar

  • owns one of WeWork's largest sites.

  • He says businesses are flocking to WeWork spaces.

  • What WeWork have done is said: "We

  • think modern companies want something completely different.

  • They want a fully serviced operation, the ability

  • to locate alongside like-minded people.

  • And we are prepared to wrap the whole thing together, provide

  • you with space that really works for your staff,

  • provide you with the flexibility to do what you want

  • to do in your space, and provide you with all the support

  • mechanisms that you need in order to occupy that space."

  • And that is where the market - and they've

  • stolen the march on the market - that

  • is where the market has really changed.

  • The new co-chief executives will now

  • have to make that case to investors

  • and WeWork's worried staff.

  • The company plans to drastically slow its expansion

  • to avoid running out of cash.

  • But it faces an uphill battle to show that WeWork really

  • is at the vanguard of a real estate revolution and not

  • just another bloated unicorn that

  • couldn't stand up to scrutiny.

It was supposed to be one of the largest IPOs of the year.

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WeWork:危機中的公司簡介|FT中文網 (WeWork: profile of a company in crisis | FT)

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    林宜悉 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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