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  • Hi guys, welcome to the lesson my name is Michelle and this lesson is one of the very

  • first lessons in our series ofhow to write complex sentences”, yes this is going to

  • be of a great help to you because complex sentences help you be much more fluent. Right

  • so I have a question for you, “what is this?” “This is a hand.” “What is a hand?”

  • Hand is a noun of course it is, but it can also be a subject yes when it's part of a

  • sentence and that's what we are going to find out today what are the main parts of a sentence

  • just like the hand is a main part of our body so please join me I'm so glad to have you

  • with me. Right so here we are and let's look at the first sentence that we have in red,

  • Kate is a thin girlright so what question can you form for the sentence you could say

  • who is a thin girl?” the answer would be, “Kate is a thin girlso what is Kate

  • here? Kate is thesubjectyes because it's answering the questionwho’. So

  • Kate is the subject so whenever a name or a word answers the question

  • who it is always the subject. Now let's talk about the form of the wordKate’, Kate

  • is a name and that's why it's a ‘nounso you can see thatsubject is always a

  • nounyes you must remember that, that a ‘subject is always a noun’. So Kate is

  • a thin girl, here Kate is the simple subject because there is no more information along

  • with Kate except that she's a thin girl. So if we look at Kate that is a simple subject

  • because it's just a noun. Right now let's look at the next sentence that we have, “Jack's

  • poem about his mother made the class cry.” What kind of a question can you make out of

  • this, you could say, “whose poem made the class cry?” what would be the answer, the

  • answer would be Jack's poem about his mother made the class cry. Now this is also a subject

  • but as you can see that here we only have the name Kate and here we have the entire

  • information about the poem that's why it's not a simple subject but this is a ‘full

  • subjectbecause we are giving all the information about the poem whose poem is it? It's Jack's

  • poem, about whom? About his mother so this is a full subject, I'll write it here for

  • you, a full subject now let's look at the difference betweensimple

  • subjectandfull subject’, so simple subject will always have just a noun a single

  • noun or a name, right? But a full subject will have a noun phrase it not only has a

  • noun but it has added information along with the noun. So this is a ‘noun phraseinteresting,

  • isn't it? Let's look at the next sentence that we have, “Paul and Tommy joined the

  • team”, so you could ask, “who all joined the team?” again it's answering the question

  • whotherefore we know that we are looking for the subject already you know that a subject

  • has to be a noun or a noun phrase, so look for the noun in this one, how many nouns have

  • you got? You've got two nouns, ‘PaulandTommyand what have we done with

  • them, we have joined the two nouns right, with and so whenever we join two nouns with

  • each other with anandit's called a ‘compound subjectwhich means to join

  • two things together so this is a ‘compound subjectfor you. Just to help you remember

  • this is a ‘simple subjectwhere we have just a ‘noun’, alright? This is a ‘full

  • subjectwhere we have a ‘noun phraseand here we have thecompound subject

  • where we have more than one noun which means two nouns which are joined together using

  • anand’. Great so this is where we have looked at a subject right, which is a very

  • important part of a sentence. Now here is the sense for you, why don't you find out

  • the subject for this sentence for yourself? So the first step would be to ask thewho

  • question, “Kelly walked down the street”, who walked down the street? Kelly walk down

  • the street, so definitely Kelly is the subject. Great with that we look at the next important

  • part of sentence, so we've already looked at the noun, now let's look at the first one

  • hereHarry atewhich one is the noun Harry, right? So the noun is the subject isn't

  • it? So let's write subject over here so we already have the noun, we already have the

  • subject, what are we left with? What isate”? Do you know the wordatewhich is the

  • past form for the wordeat’, right? What is eating? It's an action right, so it's a

  • verb”. Soateis a verb. Now what is verb in a sentence, what do we call that

  • part of a sentence which tells us what the noun is doing so this question is actually

  • answering what did Harry do, right? ‘Harry ateor what is how we doing? Harry is eating.

  • In that way ate is the verb which is called thepredicate”. So predicate essentially

  • answers what the subject is doing, so subject is the actor and predicate answers what is

  • the actor doing. Right now as you've already seen thatHarryandatewhen we

  • join them together they form a complete sentence so you must remember that a subject and a

  • predicate together by themselves can have a full sentence you do not need more information

  • with it, you could sayHarry ate the apples”, so that would be a full sentence but if you

  • sayHarry atethat's still a full sentence and you do not need more information with

  • it. So a verb and a predicate can form sorry a subject and a predicate can form a full

  • sentence by itself. Right so this one like here we have the simple subject which is Kate

  • here we have the simple predicate which is ate, the simple predicate. Why is it a simple

  • predicate, because we do not have any added information about how he ate, right? We just

  • know that he ate we don't know if he ate slowly or if he ate quickly, right? Now let's look

  • at the next sentence that we have, “the mouse slowly ran towards the cheese”, how

  • did the mouse run? Did you notice something special here? So let's see first the subject

  • mouse is the subject okay because it's the noun now the predicate as you already know

  • is the verb, alright? Now the interesting part is we have more information with the

  • verb, ‘how did the mouse run?’ ‘The mouse ran slowly’, so this is anadverb

  • and it tells us more about the verb so this one here is a “full predicateas this

  • is a simple predicate this is a full predicate. Just to remind you that a full subject is

  • always a noun phrase and a full predicate is always an adverb along with a verb and

  • it answers the question about the subject, what is the subject doing so the mouse what

  • is the mouse doing? The mouse is running slowly towards the cheese. Great now let's look at

  • the next sentence that we have with us and this is, “she both laughed and cried at

  • the film”, so when she saw the film she had mixed emotions, right? We have two verbs

  • herelaughed and criedas you may have already guessed she is the subject because

  • she's the actor in the sense she both laughed and cried so to verbs coming together with

  • anandform a “compound predicatejust like a compound subject. Okay so a compound

  • subject has two nouns joined with anandbut a compound predicate has two verbs joined

  • with anand”. I hope this has been really helpful for you to find out the main parts

  • of a sentence, the first one being the subject and the second one being a predicate. Now

  • try yourself in the first phrase, first sense that we have, “she walked down the street”,

  • what did she do? We are answering the questionwhatwhich means we are talking about

  • the action, so what did she do, she walked down the street. So this is the predicate.

  • Now let's look at the rest of the sentences that we have with us, “they like ice cream

  • on hot days”, do you like ice cream on hot days? I love it. So they like ice cream on

  • hot days is a complete sentence as you can see, right? But if I only sayThey like

  • ice creamwouldn't that be enough, right? But I'm giving more information by saying

  • onhot days’, so whenever I'm giving more information this means that I'm adding

  • a “clause”, onhot daysis a clause. So a clause is used to add more information

  • to a sentence, so they like ice cream on hot days. Okay if I saythey like ice cream’,

  • it's a full sentence, isn't it? but if I say on hot days is it a full sentence if I say

  • only hot days on hot days it's not, so whenever a clause cannot stand on its own it's called

  • a “dependent clausebecause it's dependent on the main part of the sentence which is

  • they like ice cream. Now let's look at the next one that we have, “John washed the

  • dishes”, okay fine John washed the dishes so it's a complete sentence but we add more

  • to it more information, “but he didn't want towhich means that we are adding more

  • information now let's look at the sentencehe did want tois it a complete sentence,

  • yes it is. So that's why this is anindependent clausebecause it is not dependent on the

  • first part of the sentence so this is an independent clause for you

  • and how do we join them we have tried to join them by using the wordbuthowever just

  • to help you remember, “John washed the dishescan't stand by itselfbut he didn't want

  • tothis can also stand by itself therefore the second part of the sentence is anindependent

  • clauseand it's not dependent on the first part. Coming back to the first one we have,

  • Kelly walked down the street”, I have a quick test for you, “Kelly walked down

  • the street in the eveningsoin the evening’, quickly tell me is it a dependent

  • clause or an independent clause? This one here isn't is it dependent clause and why

  • is that so becausein the eveningsjust likeon hot dayscannot stand alone.

  • So with this we complete the sentence and we also complete this lesson. I hope this

  • lesson was really helpful for you to understand the main parts of the sentence. In the next

  • lesson in this series of complex sentence writing, I’m gonna explain to you thedependent

  • clausesand theindependent clausesin more detail. Do not forget to do the test

  • at the end of this video or you can find the link in the description box. Thank you so

  • much for having me I had a great time teaching you thank you, bye.

Hi guys, welcome to the lesson my name is Michelle and this lesson is one of the very

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英語語法課 - 句子中的部分|主語動詞賓語協議|英語初學者課程 (English Grammar Lesson - Parts Of A Sentence | Subject Verb Object Agreement | For English Beginners)

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    林宜悉 發佈於 2021 年 01 月 14 日
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