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Translator: Akinori Oyama Reviewer: Peter van de Ven
應該是在我八歲那年吧,
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When I was about eight years old,
我第一次聽到氣候變化 還是全球暖化這個名詞。
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I first heard about something called climate change or global warming.
顯然是我們人類的生活方式所造成的。
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Apparently, that was something humans have created by our way of living.
我被告知隨手關燈以節省電力,
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I was told to turn off the lights to save energy
回收紙張以節省資源。
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and to recycle paper to save resources.
記得我當時很納悶
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I remember thinking that it was very strange
人類只是眾多物種之一,
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that humans, who are an animal species among others,
怎麼厲害到可以改變全球氣候。
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could be capable of changing the Earth's climate.
因為如果我們真的如此厲害, 而且全球氣候真的在改變,
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Because if we were, and if it was really happening,
那這應是我們現在唯一要關心的事。
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we wouldn't be talking about anything else.
一打開電視,應該全部都是在講這個。
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As soon as you'd turn on the TV, everything would be about that.
頭條新聞、廣播、報紙,
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Headlines, radio, newspapers,
也都應該只有這個議題,沒有其他,
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you would never read or hear about anything else,
就像是發生一場新的世界大戰似地。
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as if there was a world war going on.
可是,並非如此。
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But no one ever talked about it.
假如使用石化燃料威脅人類的存亡,
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If burning fossil fuels was so bad that it threatened our very existence,
那為什麼還是繼續在用?
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how could we just continue like before?
為什麼沒有限制禁止?
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Why were there no restrictions?
為什麼還沒有非法化?
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Why wasn't it made illegal?
這一切在我看來都不合理。
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To me, that did not add up.
也太不真實。
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It was too unreal.
所以 11 歲那年我病了。
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So when I was 11, I became ill.
我得了憂鬱症,
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I fell into depression,
我沉默了,
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I stopped talking,
我也不吃飯。
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and I stopped eating.
兩個月內我體重掉了 10 公斤。
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In two months, I lost about 10 kilos of weight.
之後我被診斷出亞斯伯格症候群、
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Later on, I was diagnosed with Asperger syndrome,
強迫症及選擇性緘默症。
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OCD and selective mutism.
除非必要,我不開口說話。
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That basically means I only speak when I think it's necessary -
可是現在我開口了。
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now is one of those moments.
(掌聲)
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(Applause)
對有自閉症的人來說,
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For those of us who are on the spectrum,
大部分的事情非黑即白。
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almost everything is black or white.
我們不擅長說謊,
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We aren't very good at lying,
也不喜歡參與這類你們這些
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and we usually don't enjoy participating in this social game
其他的人熱中的社交遊戲。
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that the rest of you seem so fond of.
(笑聲)
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(Laughter)
我常覺得自閉症者才是正常人,
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I think in many ways that we autistic are the normal ones,
其他的人才是怪人。
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and the rest of the people are pretty strange,
(笑聲)
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(Laughter)
尤其是在講到人類存續的危機時,
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especially when it comes to the sustainability crisis,
大家都說氣候變化威脅人類的存亡,
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where everyone keeps saying climate change is an existential threat
它是最最重大的議題,
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and the most important issue of all,
可是大家還是舊習不改地過日子。
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and yet they just carry on like before.
我不懂,
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I don't understand that,
因為如果停止排放是必要的,
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because if the emissions have to stop,
那我們就應該停止。
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then we must stop the emissions.
我覺得是非很分明。
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To me that is black or white.
在存亡關頭沒有灰色地帶。
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There are no gray areas when it comes to survival.
我們可以讓人類文明繼續下去 或是到此結束。
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Either we go on as a civilization or we don't.
我們必須要改變。
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We have to change.
像是瑞典這類富有的國家需要開始
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Rich countries like Sweden need to start reducing emissions
每年降低至少 15% 的排放量。
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by at least 15 percent every year.
才能達到低於兩度暖化的目標。
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And that is so that we can stay below a two-degree warming target.
聯合國政府間氣候變化專業委員會
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Yet, as the IPCC have recently demonstrated,
最近聲明以 1.5 攝氏度為目標,
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aiming instead for 1.5 degrees Celsius
會更有效地降低氣候的影響。
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would significantly reduce the climate impacts.
可是我們只能想像 那數字與降排的關聯。
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But we can only imagine what that means for reducing emissions.
你會以為媒體以及全球領袖
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You would think the media and every one of our leaders
都在談論這個議題,
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would be talking about nothing else,
可是他們並沒有。
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but they never even mention it.
也沒有任何人提起
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Nor does anyone ever mention
已經鎖在大氣層中的溫室氣體。
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the greenhouse gases already locked in the system.
還有空氣汙染掩蓋了暖化現象,
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Nor that air pollution is hiding a warming
即使停止燃燒石化燃料,
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so that when we stop burning fossil fuels,
也早有額外高達攝氏
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we already have an extra level of warming
0.5 到 1.1 度的溫升問題。
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perhaps as high as 0.5 to 1.1 degrees Celsius.
而且大家也絕口不提一個事實:
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Furthermore does hardly anyone speak about the fact
此刻人類已在第 6 次生物大滅絕之中,
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that we are in the midst of the sixth mass extinction,
幾乎每天都有 200 個物種面臨絕種。
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with up to 200 species going extinct every single day,
今日的絕種速度大約高達
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that the extinction rate today
以前認為正常速度的
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is between 1,000 and 10,000 times higher
一千倍至一萬倍之間。
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than what is seen as normal.
幾乎沒人講巴黎協定中 多次清楚提出的
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Nor does hardly anyone ever speak about the aspect of equity or climate justice,
公平原則或氣候正義,
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clearly stated everywhere in the Paris Agreement,
那是全球通力合作的必要條件。
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which is absolutely necessary to make it work on a global scale.
有錢的國家必須要
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That means that rich countries
將現今的排放速度
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need to get down to zero emissions within 6 to 12 years,
在 6 至 12 年內將排放量降低到零。
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with today's emission speed.
這樣才能讓貧窮國家
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And that is so that people in poorer countries
有機會去建立我們享有的
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can have a chance to heighten their standard of living
道路、學校、醫院、
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by building some of the infrastructure that we have already built,
乾淨飲用水、電力等基礎建設,
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such as roads, schools, hospitals,
以提高他們的生活水準。
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clean drinking water, electricity, and so on.
否則我們怎能期待 印度或奈及利亞等國家
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Because how can we expect countries like India or Nigeria
去關心氣候危機,
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to care about the climate crisis
如果已經擁有一切的我們
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if we who already have everything don't care even a second about it
一點都不在乎,也不遵守巴黎協定?
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or our actual commitments to the Paris Agreement?
到底為什麼我們不降低排放量?
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So, why are we not reducing our emissions?
為什麼數據還在持續飆高?
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Why are they in fact still increasing?
我們是否明知故作造成大滅絕?
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Are we knowingly causing a mass extinction?
因為人類邪惡嗎?
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Are we evil?
不,當然不是。
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No, of course not.
人們照舊過日
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People keep doing what they do
是因為多數人一點都不清楚
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because the vast majority doesn't have a clue
我們的日常生活對環境產生的影響,
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about the actual consequences of our everyday life,
他們也不知道改變的急迫性。
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and they don't know that rapid change is required.
我們都以為我們懂,以為大家都懂,
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We all think we know, and we all think everybody knows,
可是我們錯了。
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but we don't.
因為我們怎麼能知道?
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Because how could we?
如果危機已經發生,
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If there really was a crisis,
且是因人類排放量所造成的,
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and if this crisis was caused by our emissions,
那至少會有一些徵兆吧?
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you would at least see some signs.
例如城市淹水,上萬人喪生,
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Not just flooded cities, tens of thousands of dead people,
或是全國的建築坍塌成一片廢墟。
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and whole nations leveled to piles of torn down buildings.
你想至少會看到一些限制吧?
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You would see some restrictions.
沒有。
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But no.
也沒有人談論。
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And no one talks about it.
沒有緊急會議, 沒有頭條新聞,沒有號外。
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There are no emergency meetings, no headlines, no breaking news.
完全看不到面臨危機時的作為。
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No one is acting as if we were in a crisis.
只看到氣候科學家、環保派政客們
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Even most climate scientists or green politicians
不斷飛來飛去, 繼續吃肉類及乳製品。
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keep on flying around the world, eating meat and dairy.
假如我活到 100 歲, 也就是 2103 年。
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If I live to be 100, I will be alive in the year 2103.
現在當你想到未來, 你想的應該不會超過 2050 年。
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When you think about the future today, you don't think beyond the year 2050.
在最好前提下, 2050 還不到我人生的一半。
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By then, I will, in the best case, not even have lived half of my life.
可那之後呢?
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What happens next?
2078 年我會慶祝我 75 歲的生日。
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The year 2078, I will celebrate my 75th birthday.
假如我有兒孫, 那他們可能會幫我慶生。
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If I have children or grandchildren, maybe they will spend that day with me.
說不定他們會問我,
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Maybe they will ask me about you,
有關活在 2018 年的人們。
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the people who were around, back in 2018.
可能問為什麼在還來得及時
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Maybe they will ask why you didn't do anything
你們卻甚麼都沒做。
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while there still was time to act.
我們此刻行動與否影響我的一生,
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What we do or don't do right now will affect my entire life
還有我的兒孫輩的生活。
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and the lives of my children and grandchildren.
我們此刻做與不做甚麼,
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What we do or don't do right now,
我和我這一代人將來都無法復原。
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me and my generation can't undo in the future.
所以在今年八月學校開學時
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So when school started in August of this year,
我覺得夠了。
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I decided that this was enough.
我去到瑞典國會外面
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I set myself down on the ground outside the Swedish parliament.
為了氣候而霸課。
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I school striked for the climate.
有人說我應該還是去上學。
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Some people say that I should be in school instead.
有人說我應該讀書成為氣候科學家,
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Some people say that I should study to become a climate scientist
才能「解決氣候危機」。
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so that I can "solve the climate crisis."
可是這個氣候危機已經有解。
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But the climate crisis has already been solved.
所有的數據及對策早都有了。
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We already have all the facts and solutions.
我們只需要覺醒和改變。
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All we have to do is to wake up and change.
在沒有任何人採取行動 來拯救未來的情況下,
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And why should I be studying for a future that soon will be no more
我為什麼要為了那個未來而讀書?
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when no one is doing anything whatsoever to save that future?
學校教給我們頂尖科學家所提出
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And what is the point of learning facts in the school system
最重要的事實及數據,
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when the most important facts
這些卻被我們的社會及政客漠視,
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given by the finest science of that same school system
這樣的學習有甚麼意義?
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clearly means nothing to our politicians and our society.
有人說瑞典只是一個小國,
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Some people say that Sweden is just a small country,
所以我們做甚麼都無所謂,
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and that it doesn't matter what we do,
可是如果幾個孩子罷課幾星期,
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but I think that if a few children can get headlines all over the world
就可鬧出世界頭條新聞,
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just by not coming to school for a few weeks,
想想看當所有人聯合起來 能做多少啊!
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imagine what we could all do together if you wanted to.
(掌聲)
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(Applause)
我的演講即將到尾聲,
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Now we're almost at the end of my talk,
通常聽到這裡大家開始討論希望,
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and this is where people usually start talking about hope,
太陽能板、風力發電、循環經濟等等。
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solar panels, wind power, circular economy, and so on,
可是那不是我要說的。
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but I'm not going to do that.
過去 30 年已經太多 此類正面積極的討論。
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We've had 30 years of pep-talking and selling positive ideas.
很抱歉,完全沒用。
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And I'm sorry, but it doesn't work.
因為如果有用,
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Because if it would have,
全球排放量早已降低。
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the emissions would have gone down by now.
可是並沒有。
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They haven't.
是的,我們需要希望,
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And yes, we do need hope,
我們真的需要。
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of course we do.
可是比起希望, 我們更需要的是行動。
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But the one thing we need more than hope is action.
一旦開始行動,才會有希望。
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Once we start to act, hope is everywhere.
與其尋找希望,
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So instead of looking for hope,
不如去尋找行動。
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look for action.
只有這樣才會有希望。
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Then, and only then, hope will come.
現今,全球每天消耗一億桶原油。
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Today, we use 100 million barrels of oil every single day.
目前沒有政策去改變。
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There are no politics to change that.
也沒有規定停止開採原油。
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There are no rules to keep that oil in the ground.
所以遵照規定無法拯救世界,
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So we can't save the world by playing by the rules,
因為規定必須得先改變。
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because the rules have to be changed.
一切都需要改變,
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Everything needs to change,
今天就得開始。
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and it has to start today.
謝謝。
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Thank you.
(掌聲)
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(Applause)