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Naked mole rats are every bit as strange as they sound.
如其名,裸鼴鼠真的很怪。
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They're cold-blooded mammals that live underground in big colonies run by a queen.
牠們是冷血的哺乳類動物,住在由女王掌控的地下殖民地。
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They almost never get cancer and they can survive for 18 minutes with zero oxygen.
牠們幾乎不會罹癌,且在無氧氣狀態下,可存活長達 18 分鐘!
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They lose consciousness, and their heart rate and breathing slow way down.
牠們會失去意識,而心跳和呼吸則減緩。
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But as soon as oxygen is available again, they perk right up.
然而,重獲氧氣之時,他們就活躍起來了。
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A mouse, on the other hand, lasts about a minute.
但一般老鼠僅能存活一分鐘。
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Researchers at the University of Illinois-Chicago, along with colleagues in Europe and Africa, used a variety of metabolic tests to figure out what was going on.
伊利諾大學芝加哥分校的研究人員與歐洲、非洲的同事,使用各種代謝試驗來分析背後的前因後果。
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In low-oxygen environments — pretty common underground — mole rats can change their energy metabolism in all their crucial organs, so they don't need oxygen.
在低氧的環境中——低氧是地下世界常見的狀態,裸鼴鼠可以改變所有重要器官的能量代謝能力,所以,牠們不需要氧氣。
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They switch fuels, like a hybrid car.
其轉化燃料的模式就像油電混和車一樣。
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Instead of glucose metabolized with oxygen, they use fructose and metabolize it without oxygen.
不同於使用氧氣的葡萄糖代謝作用,牠們使用果糖進行無氧代謝作用。
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Knowing more about this metabolic trick might one day help in treating heart attacks and strokes, where a lack of oxygen is a killer.
對這個新陳代謝的小把戲了解越深,越有機會在未來助益心臟病和中風的治療,因為缺氧狀態對此兩種疾病的患者是致命的。