字幕列表 影片播放
-
Hello Space Fans and welcome to another edition of Space Fan News.
宇宙迷大家好,歡迎收看新的一集節目
-
So, this happened today.
這是今天發生的
-
Most of you I'm sure have heard of this by now, but early this Morning, 9:20 local time
很多人大約在早上9:20分的時候都有聽到
-
in the skies over the Ural Mountain city of Chelyabinsk Russia, a meteor broke up. It
一顆隕石在俄羅斯烏拉爾山上方爆炸
-
was so big and passed by so fast, that the shock wave that was created as it exploded
又大速度又快,當它爆炸的時候產生了衝擊波
-
shattered windows all over the city and caused about 1,200 injuries.
城市裡大多數的窗戶被震碎,並且造成了約1200人的傷亡
-
As I make this video, the fate of the meteor is still being investigated, but NASA is reporting
當我在編輯這則影片時,隕石的動向仍在被調查當中,但太空總署已發佈
-
that it broke up in the atmosphere.
它已在大氣層中就分離了
-
The Russian Academy of Sciences says the meteor was 15 meters across and weighed 10 tons and
俄國科學機構宣稱隕石有12公尺高,10噸重
-
entered the earth’s atmosphere at a speed of at least 33,000mph (54,000kph) and shattered
以至少時速54000公里進入大氣層
-
between 18 and 32 miles above ground (30 to 50km) and the resulting airburst had the equivalent
在離地面30-50公里的高度發生氣爆,並產生相當於
-
yield of a 500 kiloton explosion.
50萬噸的能量
-
The best account of the events as they unfolded was at the Guardian's website, so go check
對於這個事件揭露最多的"衛報",讓我們去查證
-
it out, I have the link in the description box.
我們有連結在他們的討論區裡
-
It isn't totally clear whether the meteor was completely destroyed or whether parts
狀況目前不是很清楚,不管這個隕石是被破壞了或它的碎片
-
of it landed in a nearby lake, but those details are being investigated.
降落在湖的附近,這些都正在被調查當中
-
What is clear is that Russians are really, really good at looking up.
能確定的是俄羅斯正在積極的調查中
-
I mean, this event was captured by what seemed to me to be an unusual number of dashboard
這個事件被很多行車記錄器拍到
-
mounted webcams. At first, I was really puzzled by this, but I learned while watching the
首先,我對於這個感到很困惑,但是當我在看
-
weekly space hangout from CosmoQuest and Ian O'Neill, editor of Discovery News Space Website,
每週與太空有約的節目,"CosmoQuest" 和 "Ian O'Neill",
-
said that apparently driving in Russia is a very perilous activity and the law enforcement
指出,隕石衝入俄羅斯這顯然是一個非常危險的現象,
-
there is (how can I put this delicately), not very helpful.
(我要如何簡單的說..)不是太有幫助...
-
Driving in Russia is such a problem, that drivers mount cameras on their dashboards
在俄羅斯開車很麻煩,每個駕駛都裝了行車紀錄器
-
and record every trip they take so they can have documentation to back up their case should
並記錄了每個過程,當需要的時就有資料可以佐證
-
they need it.
-
So that's why this bolide was so well video-ed. I think I'm going to get one of those dash
這就是為什麼行車紀錄器如此重要,我已打算買一台
-
cams for when I'm driving around Baltimore. Driving around here seems a lot like Russia.
用來在巴爾的摩開車用,在這裡開車就很像在俄羅斯
-
Now coincidentally, today was the day everyone was preparing to watch the flyby of an asteroid
巧合的是,現今大家都期待看到隕石掠過
-
known as 2012 DA14. An asteroid coming from a completely different direction and having
如同我們知道的編號"2012 DA14"小行星,從一個完全不知道的方向過來
-
nothing whatsoever to do with the Russian Meteor. This asteroid was going to fly 17,200
完全不知道怎麼辦,這個小行星將從地球上方17200哩飛過
-
miles above our heads, that's so close that it was going to pass inside the orbit of our
會很接近地從我們地球的同步衛星內側掠過
-
geosynchronous satellites.
-
We've known for a long time that it was never going to hit us - and most likely miss the
我們知道小行星已經有很常一段時間沒有撞擊地球,就像
-
satellites as well - but this coincidence was more than a little freaky.
衛星一樣,但是這種巧合是很怪異的
-
2012 DA14 is much bigger than the Russian bolide (bolide is another word for fireball
編號"2012 DA14"行星比這次的隕石大很多
-
in the sky). It is 45 meters across and if that one hit us, the resulting explosion would
它有45公尺寬,當他一但撞擊地球,爆炸將產生
-
contain two and a half megatons of energy.
2.5兆噸的能量
-
2012 DA14 came at us from the south and travelled North. By Comparison, the Russian meteor came
"2012 DA14"的行徑從地球的南方往北方經過,與這一次俄羅斯的隕石對照之下,
-
from a completely different area of the sky, which is why astronomers concluded that these
它來自完全不一樣的方向,所以天文學家才下結論這兩個事件
-
events are unrelated.
是沒有關聯的
-
When it passed by, you needed binoculars to see it (and you had to be where the sky was
當它經過,你必需用天文望遠鏡才看的到 (且你必需在澳洲
-
dark: Austrailia, Eastern Europe and Asia.
東歐和亞州)
-
Today was a real wakeup call for humanity and highlighted the need for something I've
這件事情喚醒了人類並突顯了我長久以來
-
been advocating for a long time now: the need to find and track as many asteroids in our
所提倡的: 盡我們所能的去發現追縱太陽系中所有的行星
-
Solar System as we can.
-
People are constantly making up their own disasters: Nibiru, Mayan Calendar Doomsday
人類不斷的在編造災難的故事 :Nibiru(神祕行星),馬雅預言世界未日
-
Prophecies, all kinds of stuff that isn't real. Well, folks, there's no need for that
這些都是真的,他們並沒有必要去編造這些東西
-
nonsense, this is a very real danger facing our civilization.
這是,這是對我們人類的一大威脅
-
Unlike Donald Rumsfeld: We know what we don't know. Every telescope ever made over all of
不同於"Donald Rumsfeld"(美國國防部長),我們知道我們所不知道的,所有的
-
recorded time has found only about 10-20 percent of the total asteroids we know are out there
望遠鏡目前只有發現20%我們目前所知道所有行星
-
and we've only found about 4,700 potentially hazardous ones (AKA PHA's) - asteroids that
和我們只知道4700個對我們有潛在威脅會撞擊我們的行星
-
can hit us.
-
That's only about half of the PHA's that are in the solar system.
在我們太陽系中,他們(PHA俱有潛在威脅的小行星)只佔了一半
-
So there's a lot of work to do and we need to get on it. Duck and cover is not an option.
所以我們有很多事情需要著手去進行,"逃避"和"掩飾"並不是我們的選項
-
If you're interested in learning more, I would encourage you to look into the b612 foundation,
如果你有興趣知道更多 ,我會鼓勵你去"b612 基金會"查詢更多的資料
-
they are planning to launch a space telescope known as Sentinel in 2018 whose sole purpose
他們打算發射太空望遠鏡,唯一的目地就是
-
is to look for potentially hazardous asteroids. I'll give you more information on that as
去搜尋對我們有威脅的行星,我會給你更多的還沒公開的資訊
-
things unfold, but this is a private enterprise, one that definitely needs our support.
但這是一個私人的組織,無疑的絕對需要我們的幫助
-
I can't think of a more important problem in astronomy that needs solving, and we totally
我可以想像有很多天文的事情需要被解決,同時我們
-
have the ability to prevent this. If we get struck by an asteroid, we have only ourselves
也有能力去預防,當我們如果被隕石襲擊 ,我們只能怪自已
-
to blame.
-
Next, conveniently (and in the "not a minute too soon" category), the day before all this
接下來,看起來有點太晚出現,在殞石造成混亂的前幾天
-
asteroid/meteor hubbub, scientists from University of California at Santa Barbara have proposed
加州聖塔芭芭拉的一些科學家們提出
-
a system to vaporize asteroids that threaten the Earth.
一個可把威脅地球的隕石汽化的方法
-
The system is called DE-STAR, or Directed Energy Solar Targeting of Asteroids and exploRation
名稱為”DE-Star” 或是”太陽能直射探勘計畫”
-
- a very awkwardly acronym-ed satellite which they claim is a realistic means of mitigating
呵..非常奇怪縮寫名字的衛星聲稱可以實實在在減少
-
potential threats posed to the Earth by asteroids and comets.
小行星和彗星所有可能構成對地球的威脅
-
DE-STAR is designed to harness the power of the sun and convert it into a massive array
DE-STAR 利用太陽的能量並且獎他轉換成巨大能量的雷射
-
of laser beams that can destroy, or evaporate, asteroids posing a potential threat to Earth.
可以直接摧毀,或汽化任何隕石對地球的威脅
-
Another handy feature is that it is equally capable of changing an asteroid's orbit –– deflecting
另一項有用的特點是可以提供改變隕石軌道的能力
-
it away from Earth, or into the Sun –– and may also prove to be a valuable tool for assessing
把隕石偏轉遠離地球,或是撞向太陽。而且可以提供有用的工具
-
an asteroid's composition, enabling lucrative, rare-element mining. And it's entirely based
進入探勘含有豐富稀有元素的隕石結構。而這一切
-
on current technology.
我們現代的科技都可以做得到
-
Now, to me that last part is more realistic. If we can detect a PHA early enough to give
對我來說最後這個部分比較真實。 如果我們可以分析隕石撞擊的時間早一點
-
us, say a year's notice, then we don't have to deflect it all that much to get it to miss
例如提早一年發現,我們不需要花太大力氣來使隕石不要擊中我們。
-
us, which means we don't have to expend as much energy. A tiny deflection early on becomes
指的就是我們不用發射太大的能量。隕石偏轉早一點的話
-
a larger one over time.
可以隨著時間變成大距離的偏向。
-
If we wait too long, then the required changes to the orbit are much larger and will require
如果我們發現的太晚,那就需要很大的能量來改變隕石的軌道。
-
a lot more energy.
-
In developing the proposal, they calculated the requirements and possibilities for DE-STAR
再發展此計畫的同時,科學家計算出”DE-STAR”的各種尺寸
-
systems of several sizes, ranging from a desktop device to one measuring 10 kilometers, or
從桌子般大到10公里或是直徑六公里大小的裝置。
-
six miles, in diameter. The larger the system, the more it can do.
愈大的系統,可以做得更多。
-
For example, DE-STAR 2 –– at 100 meters in diameter, about the size of the International
舉例來說,”DE-STAR2” 100公尺的直徑,大約一個
-
Space Station –– could "start nudging comets or asteroids out of their orbits".
國際太空站的大小,可以輕推彗星,或隕石離他他原有的軌道。
-
But DE-STAR 4 –– at 10 kilometers in diameter, about 100 times the size of the ISS –– could
但是”DE-STAR4” ,10公里直徑,大約100倍太空站的大小
-
deliver 1.4 megatons of energy per day to its target, enough to obliterate an asteroid
但是”DE-STAR4” ,10公里直徑,大約100倍太空站的大小
-
500 meters across in one year.
一顆500公尺的小行星。
-
A system that size would be able to move an asteroid the size of 2012 DA14 in about an
-
hour.
這樣大小的裝置可以在一個小時之內移開2012 DA14大小的隕石。
-
So how practical is this?
所以到底有多少可行性?
-
They claim this is not some far out idea. They say, "Our proposal assumes a combination
他們宣稱這並不是一個天馬行空的想法。
-
of baseline technology –– where we are today –– and where we almost certainly
所有提案結合了我們所有現代科技
-
will be in the future, without asking for any miracles,".
與某些快要達成的未來科技,而不期盼有任何奇蹟出現。
-
Well that's always a good thing.
這的確是個好消息。
-
They say that recent and rapid developments in highly efficient conversion of electrical
科學家說由於最近光電轉換效能快速的發展
-
power to light allow such a solution now, when just 20 years ago it would not have been
才有辦法提出這樣的解決方案。但在20年前是完全不可能
-
realistic.
實現的。
-
And that, is Just like downtown.
而且就像他們說的,一切都沒問題的
-
Well, that's it for this week Space Fans, thank you for watching, and as always, Keep
好的,這就是這禮拜的”宇宙迷”,感謝您的收看。而且記得
-
Looking Up!
向上看