or polonium, which only requires one gram of vaporized substance to wipe out 50 million people

同樣危險的毒物還有釙，只要一克氣化的釙就足以消滅五千萬人

But did you know that 70 cups of coffee contains

不過你知道 70 杯咖啡所含的

enough caffeine to kill a 70kg person?

咖啡因量足以殺死一個 70 公斤的成人嗎？

This amount of caffeine can trigger heart palpitations or even cardiac arrest

這個量的咖啡因可能引起心悸，或甚至是心搏停止

Prefer alcohol as your beverage of choice?

喝飲料時總是更喜歡選擇酒精飲料嗎？

13 consecutive shots could be lethal too.

連續喝 13 小杯烈酒也會致你於死地

Because alcohol is a depressant,

因為酒精是一種鎮定劑

the area in the brain controlling basic life functions

它會讓你的大腦裡控制基本生理功能的區域

like breathing and heart rate begin to shut down

— 像是呼吸或是心跳 — 開始停止運作

Too much liquid in general can be dangerous as well

喝太多水事實上也很危險

Though it takes a lot, water intoxication from around 6 litres causes brain cells to swell

雖然要達到危險的程度要喝很多啦，大約 6 公升的水會引起水中毒並讓腦細胞腫脹

leading to headaches, seizures, comas, and even death in extreme cases

水腫的腦細胞會造成頭痛、癲癇發作、昏迷、甚至在某些極端情形下會死亡

But if you stop drinking water, or consume too much salt

但如果你不喝水，或者攝取太多鹽分

your cells will start to shrink, leading to the condition known as hypernatremia

你的細胞會開始萎縮，造成所謂「高血鈉症」的情形

48 tsps of your favourite seasoning at once

一次攝取 48 茶匙你喜歡的調味料

is enough to trigger this reaction

也足以引起這種反應

also leading to seizures, coma, or even death

同樣也會造成頭痛、癲癇發作、昏迷、甚至是死亡

Stick your head under water or simply hold your breath

把你的頭固定在水下，或僅僅只是停止你的呼吸

and it takes around 4 minutes without oxygen to cause severe brain injury

大約四分鐘後，缺氧將造成你的大腦嚴重損傷

and at 6 minutes, you could die

大概 6 分鐘後你就會死去

However, in extreme cases, some free divers have been able to hold their breath for over 20 minutes

然而一些極端的例子也顯示，有些自由潛水者能夠屏息超過 20 分鐘

Cherries can also deprive you of oxygen

櫻桃也能奪走你的氧氣

Say what?

「你說什麼？！」

If you ever swallow a cherry pit, you shouldn't worry too much

如果你曾經吞下櫻桃核，其實不用太緊張

just don't bite into one

只要不要咬它就好

One or two ground cherry pits contains

一或二個磨碎的櫻桃核

enough cyanide to take you down

含有足夠讓你病倒的氰化物

and these cyanide ions inhibit the enzyme Cytochrome C Oxidase

這些氰化物離子會抑制我們體內一種稱為「細胞色素 C 氧化酶」的酶類

causing your cells to be unable to use oxygen

使你的細胞無法利用氧氣

Speaking of a lack of oxygen,

說到缺氧

it's at around 8000ft above sea level that

大約在海拔 8000 英呎 (約 2438.4 公尺) 的高度下

our bodies can no longer acclimatize to the limited oxygen

我們的身體無法適應該高度有限的氧氣量

This is known as the "death zone" in mountaineering

這種情形在登山圈裡稱為「死亡地帶」

Simply being too tall can also kill you

僅僅是長太高也可能殺了你

In the 1930s, Robert Pershing Wadlow reached 8'11"

在 1930 年代，Robert Pershing Wadlow 達到了 8 呎 11 吋 (約 272 公分) 的驚人身高

This height put severe stress on his circulatory system

這個身高對他的循環系統造成了嚴重的壓力

and structural pressure on his bones

也對他的骨頭造成結構性壓力

and he died at the young age of 22

結果他在很年輕時就死了，得年22歲

Researchers have hypothesised that every inch above 5 feet takes 1.3 years off your life

學者們有提過一個假設，如果你的身高在 5 呎 (152.4公分) 以上，每多一吋身高你就會少活 1.3 年

If you're worried about your pet's life, you may have heard not to give them chocolate

如果你擔心你的寵物的生命安全，你應該曾聽說過別讓牠們吃巧克力

The same chemical, Theobromine, can kill us too

巧克力內會使寵物中毒的化學物質 — 可可鹼，同樣能殺死我們

Our bodies metabolise Theobromine more effectively though

儘管我們的身體對可可鹼代謝的效率比寵物更有效率

with 1000mg/kg being lethal to humans

一次吃下 1000ppm 的可可鹼仍會致死

which is the equivalent of 85 full-sized chocolate bars at once

相當於一次吃下 85 條巧克力棒

You may want that many chocolate bars after getting high

大概是很嗨之後你才會想吃那麼多巧克力棒吧

however, you would need to eat 22kg of marijuana to be at risk of death

不管怎樣，如果你想讓自己處於死亡的危險，你大概需要吃掉 22 公斤的大麻

Smoke it, and the amount required to overdose is comically high

如果是抽大麻的話，吸大麻過量的數值高得好笑

Approximately 680kg of pot within 15 minutes would induce a lethal response

將近是在 15 分鐘內吸掉一鍋 680 公斤的大麻才會致死

Which may explain why there has never been a single documented death

這個數據應該能解釋為什麼從來沒有一個死亡案例

directly linked to consuming too much marijuana

是因為直接攝取過多大麻的

Blasting some amazing music may be fun as well,

大聲播放好聽的音樂同樣很有趣，

just don't go above 185 decibels

只要音量不要超過 185 分貝的話

The amount of air pressure from this could burst your lungs, or

185 分貝的聲音所造成的空氣壓力能使你的肺部爆裂

alternatively, create an embolism that travels to your heart

或是會在你的肺靜脈產生栓塞

It may also keep your neighbours up all night

當然這麼大的聲音也會使你的鄰居整晚不能入睡

And, while it's uncertain how long the body can survive without sleep,

我們不確定我們的身體在失去睡眠的情況下能活多久

studies on rats who underwent continuous sleep deprivation

研究遭睡眠剝奪的老鼠後顯示

lasted around 2 weeks before dying

牠們在死亡前能持續大約 2 周不睡覺

The world record in humans is just over 11 days

而人類持續不睡覺的世界紀錄是 11 天

but surprisingly no long term effects were documented after he caught up on his sleep

不過令人驚訝的是，在他補眠之後沒有留下任何長期的影響

Got a burning question you want answered?

你還有其他急切想知道答案的問題嗎？

Ask it in the comments or on Facebook and Twitter

那就在這部影片的下方提問，或者是到我們的 Facebook 和 Twitter 上詢問吧

And if you liked this video

如果你喜歡這部影片

check out our previous one called "This is 200 calories"

你可以看看我們先前的另一部作品「兩百大卡有多少？」

where we break down and compare different foods and drinks

在這部影片裡我們分解並比較不同的食物和飲料

to put things in perspective

來讓大家對卡路里更有概念

Be sure to like, share and subscribe

最後，一定要幫我們的影片按喜歡，分享，或者訂閱我們

for more weekly science videos

的頻道以便每周都能看到我們的科學影片唷