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Hey there, welcome to LIFE NOGGIN.
嗨!大家好,歡迎來到 LIFE NOGGIN。
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Have you ever been so angry that you start to relate to those cartoon characters who have steam coming out of their ears?
你有沒有曾經氣到你開始覺得自己像卡通人物一樣,耳朵冒煙的情況呢?
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Or maybe you feel like your blood is boiling beneath your skin.
或是那種氣到彷彿血液在沸騰的感覺呢?
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Even though you may know what the external cause of your anger is, what's actually going on inside your body when you're angry that's what we're gonna find out.
就算你可能知道造成你生氣的外部原因為何,但生氣時身體內部的變化才是我們今天要探討的。
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Imagine that you are driving on a freeway and somebody suddenly cuts you off.
想像你正開車在高速公路上,突然有人超車插到你前面。
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You will most likely get angry and either honk your horn, or possibly give them a not-so-nice hand gesture.
你大概會暴怒然後按他喇叭,或者對他比個不友善的手勢。
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Admit it, we've all done it before.
承認吧,我們都這麼做過。
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Inside your brain, the amygdala, which responses to outside stimuli, processes the car that cut you off, and coordinates the release of neurotransmitters, called catecholamines.
你的大腦下指令要感到生氣,是對外在刺激的回應,也就是別人超車插隊時的反應,也同時釋放神經傳導素,稱作「磷苯二酚胺」。
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These cause you to feel a burst of energy preparing you for physical action.
這些神經傳導素可讓你在危急時有瞬間充滿爆發力,以備不時之需。
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The hormones, epinephrine and norepinephrine, are also released, increasing your blood pressure.
其他賀爾蒙如腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素也會在你生氣時被釋放出來,以增加你的血壓。
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Your heart rate increases and your face may flush as the blood rushes to your extremities.
你心跳會加速,臉會漲紅、血液會快速流動到肢體末梢。
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If you have ever seen someone so angry that they turn red as a lobster, this is why.
如果你曾經看到有人生氣時面紅耳赤,這就是原因。
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If you want to keep this anger at bay, you'll have to use your prefrontal cortex.
如果你想要壓抑怒火,就必須靠大腦前額葉皮質來控制情緒。
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You can think of this as the area that controls your judgement.
你可以把它視為控制理智的中樞系統。
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And if you don't use your prefrontal cortex, you may act aggressively toward others.
如果你的大腦前額葉皮質沒有運作,你就可能對他人有粗暴的舉動。
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Take Phineas Gage as an example.
就拿 Phineas Gage 來舉例。
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In 1848, while at work, a tamping iron was shot through his left cheek and exited through the top of his head.
1848年,在一次工作中,意外性的爆炸將插入地洞中的鐵棒反彈,從 Phineas Gage 的左臉頰插入他腦袋,射穿他的頭部。
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Somehow, he survived, but his frontal lobe was severely damaged.
奇蹟似地,Phineas Gage 存活下來,但是他的大腦前額葉受到嚴重的損壞。
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After his injury, he is said to have been fitful, irreverent and have the animal passions of a strong man.
據說,傷後他性情大變,他變得反覆無常、傲慢無理,行為就像動物的野性本能一樣。
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Perhaps the damage to his frontal lobe destroyed his ability to control his behavior.
或許是意外造成他大腦前額葉的損害,導致他喪失了控制行為的能力。
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He was not only a new man, but also one incapable of self-constraint.
他不但完全變了一個人,也喪失了自我約束的能力。
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It's also important to note that constant chronic anger can greatly increase a person's chance of getting a heart disease, like high blood pressure or heart attacks.
另外,值得注意的是,持續且習慣性憤怒會大幅增加你罹患高血壓、心肌梗塞等心臟疾病的機率。
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Anger and the heart are very connected.
憤怒和心臟是緊密相關的。
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This is because epinephrine and norepinephrine constrict blood vessels, making your heart pump harder.
這是因為腎上腺素和去甲腎上腺素會壓縮你的血管,讓心跳變強烈。
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These two hormones also increase the amount of glucose and fatty acids in the blood.
這兩種賀爾蒙也會增加血液裡的葡萄糖、脂肪酸含量。
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The increased levels can lead to damage in artery walls and speed up the process of atherosclerosis.
上升的葡萄糖或脂肪酸量會對動脈壁造成損害,並且加速動脈粥樣硬化的形成。
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When the fatty plaque builds up in the arteries, it narrows them and decreases the flow of oxygen-rich blood to the body.
當脂肪斑塊在動脈內堆積時,它會使動脈管徑變窄,降低輸送到身體部位氧含量高的血液流動。
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This can lead to a heart attack, stroke or death.
這可能會導致心肌梗塞、中風甚至死亡。
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But, fear not, there are healthy ways to control your anger, such as meditation, anger management therapy, exercise or even just relaxing and doing something fun.
但是不用緊張,還是有健康的方法可以幫你控制怒火,像是冥想、憤怒情緒管理治療、運動,或者只是讓自己放鬆做一些有趣好玩的事。
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Like watching a few LIFE NOGGIN videos.
看些 LIFE NOGGIN 影片就是一種放鬆的方式。
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So tell us, what is one thing that makes you angry?
現在,換你告訴我們一件會讓你生氣的事?
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And what do you do to get over that feeling?
還有你是怎麼處理你的憤怒情緒。
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Make sure you come back every Monday and Thursday for a brand new video.
別忘了每週一、週四收看 Life Noggin,我們會準備最新的影片等你們喔。
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And if you want even more LIFE NOGGIN, check out these videos we did on the science of happiness and the signs of depression.
如果你想看更多 LIFE NOGGIN 的影片,去看看關於幸福科學和憂鬱症警示的影片吧!
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You can also follow us on Facebook and Twitter.
你也可以追蹤我們的臉書或推特。。
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I'm Blocko. This has been LIFE NOGGIN.
我是Blocko,這裡是LIFE NOGGIN。
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Stay calm and don't forget to keep on thinking.
保持冷靜,也不忘要不斷思考!