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Hey there, welcome to Life Noggin.
嗨,歡迎來到 Life Noggin!
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I may appear to be happy and animated all the time, pun intended.
我可能看起來很開心也很熱烈,這是一語雙關 (animated 也指動畫的)。
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But some days I fall into a slump.
但有時候我會陷入低潮。
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We all do. It's a part of life.
我們都會如此,那是人生的一部分。
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These feelings are real, and the effects aren't always just mental.
那些感覺很真實,而它會造成的影響不會總是只有心理層面。
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You can actually feel them in a physical sense, too.
事實上你可以從生理面感覺到那些感覺。
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But how? And why? Let's find out.
但是怎麼發生的?又是為什麼?我們來看看吧!
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Depression can be a result of a chemical imbalance in the noggin.
「憂鬱」可以是腦子裡面化學不平衡所造成的結果。
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Chemicals called neurotransmitters aid in sending messages in different nerve cells in your brain.
稱為神經傳導物質的化學成分,有助於在腦子裡不同的神經細胞間傳遞訊息。
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Some neurotransmitters can control your mood.
有些神經傳導物質可以控制你的情緒。
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When you're depressed, these neurotransmitters might not be functioning properly, causing severe changes in mood.
當你憂鬱時,神經傳導物質可能沒有在好好運作,造成情緒的劇烈波動。
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Depression can be caused by things like stressful life events, certain medications, death of a loved one, hormonal changes, and of course, caused by faulty mood regulation in the brain.
憂鬱的形成原因包含令人壓力很大的人生經歷、一些藥物、摯愛的過世、荷爾蒙的變化,還有當然,源於腦中情緒的調節失常。
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One part of the brain affected by depressions called the hippocampus.
腦中會被憂鬱所影響的一部份,稱作海馬迴。
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The hippocampus processes long term memory in recollection. It also registers fear, and it is actually smaller in people with depression.
海馬迴處理記憶中的「長期記憶」以及恐懼,而且事實上,它在憂鬱的人的腦內會變得比較小。
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Ongoing exposure to stress impairs nerve cell growth in this part of the brain.
持續處於壓力之下會損害神經細胞在這部分腦部的生長。
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Not only can depression have you feeling down, but can actually physically affect parts of your body other than the brain.
憂鬱不但會讓你感覺低落,也會在生理上影響你腦袋以外的身體部位。
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Chronic fatigue, insomnia, over-sleeping and general aches and pain are just a few examples.
慢性疲勞、失眠、過度睡眠、還有普遍的疼痛只是其中幾個例子。
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Pain threshold can be altered by abnormal functioning of the brain's neurotransmitters like serotonin, making people with depression more sensitive to pain.
痛苦的源頭可能會被腦中神經傳導物質,比如說血清素的不正常運作而影響,讓憂鬱的人對於疼痛更加敏感。
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Another interesting physical change that can come with depression is eyesight.
另外一種伴隨憂鬱而生的有趣生理改變在於視力。
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Recent studies show that the retinas of depressed patients were actually less sensitive to contrast.
近期的研究報告顯示,憂鬱患者的視網膜對於對比會較為不敏感。
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Contrast vision relies on cells that in turn rely on dopamine.
視覺對比所依賴的細胞進而需要依賴多巴胺。
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People with depression are often shown to have less dopamine, which is important for driving attention.
憂鬱的人顯示出較為少量的多巴胺,而它對於集中注意力很重要。
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These findings are still relatively new but very interesting.
這些發現相較起來都很新,但是很有趣。
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One unfortunate problem that comes with depression is the fact that can actually increase your risk of physical illness.
另一個伴隨憂鬱而發生的不幸問題是,它確實會增加你得到生理疾病的風險。
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Stress hormones are increase which can lead to more problems.
壓力荷爾蒙會增加,導致更多的毛病。
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When we're stressed, our immune system's ability to fight off antigens of foreign bodies is reduced, making it more difficult to fight off infections.
當我們壓力很大時,我們免疫系統對抗外來抗原的能力會減低,讓抵抗感染變得更加困難。
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Corticosteroid, a stress hormone, can actually suppress the overall effectiveness at the immune system by lowering the amount of lymphocytes, which are cells that destroy the bodies of invaded viruses.
皮質類固醇,一種壓力激素,會抑制整個免疫系統的效率,因為它會降低淋巴的量,也就是負責消滅侵入人體之細菌的細胞。
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Did you know the seasons can actually affect your mood?
你知道季節會影響你的情緒嗎?
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It's called seasonal affective disorder.
這叫做季節性情緒失調。
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When there's less daylight your, brain can increase their transmitters like melatonin.
當日光變少,你的腦部會增加一些激素,比如說褪黑激素。
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More daylight, and your brain will produce more serotonin.
而日光越多,你的大腦就會產生越多的血清素。
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In the fall and the winter where there're shorter days and less daylight, your body might produce less serotonin and more melatonin.
在秋冬之際,當白天比較短、日照也比較少時,你的身體會產生較少的血清素,與較多的褪黑激素。
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This imbalance can set up the brain for depression to some people who react to seasonal changes.
這種不平衡讓那些對季節變換產生反應者的大腦產生憂鬱。
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Exposure to more light can help people maintain this chemical balance.
多照點光可以幫助人們維持化學平衡。
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If you or someone you know is depressed, please seek help immediately.
如果你或者你認識的人正處於憂鬱狀態,請馬上尋求幫助。
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You can check the links below for some online resources.
你可以查看下面的連結尋求線上資源。
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Going to the doctor, seeing a therapist and thinking positively can work wonders
看個醫生、看個治療師,以及正面思考也可以產生奇蹟。
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So please don't be afraid to get out there and ask for help.
所以請不要害怕去尋求幫忙。
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What are some things in life that make you happy?
什麼東西可以讓你快樂?
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Let's set up a positivity train in the comments.
我們在底下的回應處開始正面的討論串吧!
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If you see someone with a similar interest in the comments, strike up a conversation!
如果你看到誰在回應處跟你擁有類似的興趣,開啟一個對話吧!
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Or you can simply tell us what should we talk about next.
或者你也可以告訴我們你希望下次討論什麼。
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And if want even more Life Noggin, check out this episode on "The Science of Happiness," and follow us on Facebook and Twitter.
如果你還想看更多的 Life Noggin,看看這集的「快樂的科學」,並在臉書與推特上面追蹤我們。
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Links are below.
連結就在下方。
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I'm Blocko. This has been Life Noggin.
我是 Blocko,這裡是 Life Noggin。
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Don't forget to keep on thinking.
別忘了要不斷思考!