fighting ended through a ceasefire in the summer  of 1953, the warring nations never reached a true  

在1953年夏天的停火中，戰鬥結束了，但交戰國從來沒有達成真正的協議。

peace treaty. Because of that, North Korea still  officially remains at war. While many might assume  

和平條約。正因為如此，北朝鮮仍然正式處於戰爭狀態。雖然許多人可能認為

that the South Korean government is the number  one enemy of North Korea, the North Koreans have  

韓國政府是北朝鮮的頭號敵人，北朝鮮人已

a lot of beef with other countries as well. The beef between North Korea and Japan goes  

和其他國家也有很多的矛盾。北韓和日本之間的矛盾

back all the way to the Korean War. During  this time, though Japan did not send combat  

一直追溯到朝鮮戰爭。在這期間，日本雖然沒有派出作戰人員

troops to the peninsula, the country did  serve as the main logistics base for the  

軍隊到半島，該國確實作為主要的後勤基地，在半島上開展活動。

US and other allied forces. Understandably,  North Korea was not too happy about this. 

美國和其他盟軍。可以理解的是，北韓對此並不太高興。

Straining relations even further with Japan  was the fact that North Korean agents would  

與日本的關係更加緊張的是，北朝鮮特工會。

routinely go into the country to kidnap Japanese  citizens. Even worse than having its own citizens  

經常進入國內綁架日本公民。比綁架本國公民更糟糕的是

kidnapped from their homes is the constant  threat posed by North Korea’s ballistic  

綁架他們的家庭是北朝鮮的彈道導彈所構成的持續威脅。

missiles tests and nuclear weapons programs. These two weapons programs put the safety of  

飛彈試驗和核武器計劃。這兩個武器計劃把安全放在首位。

all of East Asia at risk. Japan simply seeks to  remain a peaceful nation especially since after  

威脅到整個東亞的安全。日本只是想保持一個和平的國家，尤其是在經歷了...

the end of World War Two the Japanese vowed  to never go to war again. But the North Korean  

二戰結束後，日本人發誓不再參戰。但北朝鮮

government does not care about sacred vows, state  sovereignty, or who cares about their provocative  

政府不關心神聖的誓言，不關心國家主權，也不關心他們的挑釁。

acts. All they care about is regime survival. But in a situation where North Korea finally  

行為。他們關心的只是政權的生存。但在北韓最終

crosses the line with Japan, say threatening them  with nuclear weapons or kidnapping the President,  

與日本越界，比如說用核武器威脅他們，或者綁架總統。

and Japan was to go to war with them,  who would win in such a conflict? 

而日本要和他們開戰，在這樣的衝突中，誰會贏？

Let’s first take a look at what Japan would be  facing in an all-out conflict with North Korea. 

我們先來看看日本與北韓發生全面衝突會面臨什麼。

The North Korean military is quite a force  to be reckoned with despite coming from such  

北朝鮮軍隊是一支相當強大的力量，儘管他們來自這樣的地方。

a small nation with few natural resources. The  military is known as the Korean People’s Army  

一個自然資源匱乏的小國。軍隊被稱為朝鮮人民軍。

and is made up of five branches: the  Ground Force, Air Force, Navy, Strategic  

並由五個軍種組成：陸軍、空軍、海軍、戰略。

Missile Force, and Special Operations Force. Their Ground Force, or army, is one of the largest  

導彈部隊和特種作戰部隊。他們的地面部隊，或軍隊，是最大的部隊之一。

in the world coming in at over 950,000 active-duty  personnel. Military service is compulsory in North  

在世界範圍內，現役人員超過95萬。在北方，服兵役是義務性的。

Korea meaning every able-bodied man must serve  for ten years and women for seven. Those that  

韓國的意思是，每個健全的男子必須服役10年，婦女服役7年。那些

go to college have to serve less. Because of this mandatory service,  

上大學的人要少服役。因為這個義務服務。

there are millions of trained soldiers in what  is called Worker-Peasant Red Guard units. These  

在所謂的工農赤衛隊中，有數百萬訓練有素的阿兵哥。這些

units are compulsory for teenagers before they  enter the military and for veterans once they are  

青少年在入伍前和退伍軍人在入伍後必須參加的組織、部門。

discharged. They take on a role much similar to  the US National Guard in that they receive annual  

退伍。他們所承擔的角色與美國國民警衛隊非常相似，他們每年都會接受。

training and assist the military when necessary. The equipment that the army fields is vast and  

訓練，並在必要時協助軍隊。軍隊的裝備數量龐大，而且

most of it was manufactured in the 1950s through  the 1970s as either Chinese or Soviet in origin,  

大部分是在20世紀50年代至70年代生產的，原產地為中國或蘇聯。

with some licenses being granted to produce  local copies of this equipment. For instance,  

並頒發了一些許可證，以生產這種設備的在地副本。例如：

most North Korean infantrymen are armed  with aging AK-47 rifles and while the North  

大多數北朝鮮步兵裝備的是老舊的AK-47步槍，而北朝鮮的步兵則裝備的是AK-47步槍。

Korean government claims there has been  significant progress in creating a modern  

韓國政府宣稱，在創建現代社會方面已取得重大進展

and wholly North Korean battle rifle there  have been little public indications of such. 

和完全是北韓的戰鬥步槍，一直沒有什麼公開的跡象。

The army also possesses thousands of tanks but  most of these are outdated Soviet technology. One  

軍隊還擁有數千輛坦克，但其中大部分是蘇聯的過時技術。一

of their main tanks, the T-54/55 and the T-62, is  decades old and nowhere comparable to the designs  

他們的主力坦克T-54/55和T-62，已經有幾十年的歷史了，根本無法與他們的設計相提並論。

of modern tanks. These same tanks were fielded  by the Iraqi government during both the Gulf  

的現代坦克。這些坦克在海灣戰爭期間被伊拉克政府派上了戰場。

War and 2003 invasion of Iraq and were totally  annihilated against modern tanks and artillery. 

戰和2003年入侵伊拉克，在現代坦克和火炮的對抗下被徹底消滅。

The North Koreans have realized their tank  deficiency and have started a modernization  

北韓已經意識到自己坦克的不足，並開始了現代化改造

program to create domestic tanks based on  the T-72 design known as the Ch'ŏnma-ho and  

計劃，以T-72為基礎製造國產坦克，稱為 "Ch'ŏnma-ho "和 "T-72"。

P'okp'ung-ho. These modern revamps of  old designs include new features like  

P'okp'ung-ho。這些舊設計的現代改造包括新的功能，如

reactive armor that explodes outwards when  hit and new turrets for grenade launchers  

反應裝甲，被擊中後會向外爆炸，手榴彈發射器的新炮塔也是如此。

as well as improved fire control systems. The North Korean army also relies heavily on  

以及改進的火控系統。北朝鮮軍隊還嚴重依賴。

its vast array of artillery pieces. They possess  thousands of guns in various calibers and they  

其大量的火炮。他們擁有數以千計的各種口徑的火炮，而且他們

love their big guns. That is because the smallest  caliber artillery piece is a 122mm gun with their  

喜歡他們的大炮。那是因為最小口徑的火炮是122毫米炮，他們的

biggest guns being the massive 170mm guns that  are said to reach almost a range of 40 miles.  

最大的火炮是巨大的170毫米火炮，據說射程幾乎達到40英里。

It is said that whenever the army engages  in combat the North Koreans want to lay down  

據說，每當軍隊投入戰鬥時，朝鮮人都想放下。

a “sea of fire” to support their infantry which  means employing them in a classic World War Two  

"火海 "來支持他們的步兵，這意味著在第二次世界大戰中使用他們的經典戰例

style artillery bombardment which defers from the  precision fires of most of today’s militaries. 

式的炮擊，它延用了當今大多數軍隊的精確火力。

The North Korean air force operates almost 800  aircraft spread across various bases with most  

北朝鮮空軍有近800架飛機，分佈在不同的基地，其中大部分飛機都是由北朝鮮空軍提供的。

of the best fighter jets being concentrated in  the south towards the DMZ. Their aircraft fleet  

最好的戰鬥機集中在南部向非軍事區飛去。他們的機群

is primarily Soviet technology with their most  capable air-to-air fighters being the MiG-29  

主要是蘇聯的技術，他們最強的空對空戰鬥機是米格-29。

and MiG-30 fighter aircraft. They also possess  potent and combat-tested air-to-ground attack  

和米格-30戰鬥機。它們還擁有強大的、經過戰鬥考驗的空對地攻擊機。

aircraft like Su-25. The Su-25 was first  designed in 1978 and has proven itself on  

蘇-25等飛機。蘇-25最早設計於1978年，並已在

multiple battlefields around the world including  the most recent Russian air campaign over Syria. 

世界多個戰場，包括最近俄羅斯在敘利亞上空的空襲。

Despite their vast fleet, the North Korean air  force does not compare at all to the modern  

儘管北韓空軍擁有龐大的機群，但與現代的

equipment offered by other militaries around  the world. That is why if the country was  

世界其他國家軍隊提供的裝備。這也是為什麼如果該國是

ever attacked the main strategy for the  North is to use its vast array of RADARs  

北方的主要戰略是利用其龐大的雷達陣容

and Surface to Air Missile sites to take down  opposing aircraft before they become a threat. 

和地對空導彈基地，在對方飛機成為威脅之前將其擊落。

The North Korean navy is the smallest of the five  branches coming in at less than 80,000 active-duty  

北朝鮮海軍是五個軍種中最小的一個，現役軍人不到8萬人。

personnel. They operate in two main fleets,  the West coast fleet, and the East Coast fleet.  

人員。他們有兩個主要艦隊，即西海岸艦隊和東海岸艦隊。

The kind of vessels they operate are  primarily small patrol craft and frigates  

他們操作的船隻主要是小型巡邏艇和護衛艦

for their surface fleet. This is what is known as  a brown water navy meaning the ships are designed  

為他們的水面艦隊。這就是所謂的棕色水面海軍，意思是說這些船的設計是

and operate best close to shore and cannot project  power beyond the relative safety of the shore. 

並在靠近岸邊的地方操作最好，不能將功率投射到岸邊相對安全的地方。

Where the North Korean navy really  stands out is in its fleet of submarines.  

北韓海軍真正突出的地方是其潛艇艦隊。

Operating a force of around 72 submarines, it is  one of the largest submarine forces in the world.  

營運著一支約72艘潛艇的部隊，是世界上最大的潛艇部隊之一。

Though these submarines are aging, ex-Soviet  technology, they are deadly quiet since they  

雖然這些潛艇都是老舊的前蘇聯技術，但由於它們是死一般的安靜。

operate diesel engines. Diesel engines are  quieter than nuclear-powered submarines  

操作柴油機。柴油發動機比核動力潛艇安靜。

though they do have to expose themselves  to the surface to recharge their batteries. 

雖然它們確實要暴露在水面上給電池充電。

Once underwater, they are virtually impossible  to detect meaning any surface ships are in great  

一旦在水下，它們幾乎不可能被探測到，這意味著任何水面艦艇都將面臨巨大的危險。

danger. Their ability to operate effectively  and secretly was demonstrated with deadly  

危險。他們有效和祕密行動的能力以致命的方式表現出來。

effect in 2010 when a North Korean submarine sunk  a South Korean warship with the loss of 46 lives. 

2010年，一艘北朝鮮潛艇擊沉了一艘南朝鮮軍艦，造成46人死亡。

Of course, the most capable and threatening  part of the North Korean military would be  

當然，北韓軍隊中能力最強、威脅最大的部分應該是

its ballistic missiles and nuclear weapons.  These long-range weapons are the pride and joy  

其彈道導彈和核武器。 這些遠程武器是美國的驕傲和喜悅。

of the North Korean government. They are meant  to project power abroad and Western military  

朝鮮政府的。它們的目的是為了在國外投射力量，而西方的軍事。

thinkers believe the North Koreans intend to  use these weapons as a last resort in case  

思想家們認為，北朝鮮打算將這些武器作為最後的手段，以備不時之需。

of the catastrophic defeat of the military  or potentially as a crippling first strike. 

的災難性失敗，或有可能作為殘害性的第一擊。

Though Japan is out of range of most of the North  Korean medium-range ballistic missile threats,  

雖然日本在北韓大部分中程彈道導彈威脅的射程之外。

there are still over 50 missiles that  could be fired at them. In addition,  

仍有50多枚飛彈可以向他們發射。此外：

North Korea is believed to now have  manufactured over 40 nuclear weapons,  

據信北朝鮮現在已經制造了40多件核武器。

though the debate is still out there concerning  their ability to miniaturize them enough to place  

儘管關於他們是否有能力將其小型化，以便將其放置在一個小的地方，但仍有爭論。

them on the warhead of one of these missiles. Facing the North Korean military would be  

他們在其中一枚飛彈的彈頭上。面對北韓軍隊將是

mighty forces of the Japanese Defense Forces  as their military is known. Ranked as the fifth  

日本防衛隊的強大力量，他們的軍隊被稱為。排名第五的

most powerful military in the world, this  small yet technologically superior military  

世界上最強大的軍隊，這支小規模但技術優勢突出的部隊

is composed of an Army, Air Force, and Navy. The Japanese Army is a feared and much-respected  

是由陸軍、空軍和海軍組成。日本陸軍是一支令人畏懼和備受尊敬的軍隊。

force around the world. Coming in  at a little over 150,000 personnel,  

世界各地的部隊。來在15萬多一點的人員。

it is the largest branch of the Japanese military.  The Army fields some of Asia's most modern and  

它是日本軍隊中最大的部門。 陸軍擁有一些亞洲最現代化和最先進的武器。

best equipment like their next-generation Type 10  main battle tank that is equipped with state of  

最好的裝備，比如他們的下一代10型主戰坦克，配備了最先進的裝備。

the art armor and gives the crew a full panoramic  view of their surroundings. This tank will  

的藝術裝甲，併為船員提供了一個完整的周圍環境的全景。這輛坦克將

eventually replace the older but still capable  Type 90 tank used in service since the 1990s. 

最終取代自1990年代以來一直使用的老式但仍有能力的90型坦克。

The Japanese also have a robust, home-grown  defense industry that is constantly creating new  

日本人還擁有強大的本土化國防工業，不斷創造新的。

and improved weapons for its forces such as the  Type 89 assault rifle which is the standard issue  

併為其部隊改進了武器，如89式突擊步槍，這是標準配置。

rifle for its ground troops. The Japanese also  produce a variety of potent anti-aircraft guns  

步槍，供其地面部隊使用。日本人還生產了各種威力巨大的高射炮。

and armored troop transports all modeled off the  US and NATO-style designs to better work together. 

和裝甲運兵車都是仿照美國和北約的設計，以便更好地配合。

The Japanese Navy is incredibly deadly  as well. They operate a fleet of over 250  

日本海軍的殺傷力也是驚人的。他們擁有一支超過250人的艦隊

ships making their navy the fourth largest in  the world by tonnage. These ships encompass a  

艦，使其海軍噸位位居世界第四。這些艦艇包括

wide variety of platforms to include coastal  patrol craft and minesweepers for homeland  

包括海岸巡邏艇和國土掃雷艇在內的各種平臺。

defense as well as 26 destroyers and several  helicopter carriers to project power abroad. 

防以及26艘驅逐艦和數艘直升機航母，向國外投射力量。

The Japanese navy is also a great asset in  defeating the North Korean missile threat.  

日本海軍也是化解北韓飛彈威脅的一大法寶。

Their destroyers are based on the US  Aegis system. Aegis is the world's leading  

他們的驅逐艦是以美國的宙斯盾系統為基礎的。宙斯盾系統是世界領先的

ballistic missile defense system, combining a  series of high-powered RADARs, illuminators,  

彈道導彈防禦系統，結合一系列高功率雷達、照明器。

and computer programs to accurately detect missile  threats early and defeat them well before they hit  

和計算機程序，以便及早準確地探測到飛彈威脅，並在飛彈襲擊之前將其擊潰。

their intended targets. The fact that the  Japanese can deploy over two dozen of these  

他們的預定目標。事實上，日本人可以部署二十多架這種

ships in such a small area like the Sea of Japan  helps nullify the threat to the Japanese homeland. 

艦艇在日本海這樣的小範圍內，有助於消除對日本本土的威脅。

The Air Force also works hand-in-hand with  the Navy to defeat North Korean missiles.  

空軍還與海軍攜手合作，擊潰北韓飛彈。

The Air Force operates a robust network of RADAR  sites and manned observation posts all throughout  

空軍在全國各地設有一個強大的雷達站和載人觀察哨網絡。

the archipelago. These sites are crucial in  detecting missiles as soon as they launch  

群島。這些地點對於在飛彈發射後立即探測到飛彈至關重要。

and then forwarding that information to deployed  ships and missile batteries stationed at home. 

然後將這些資訊轉發給部署在國內的艦艇和飛彈炮臺。

In addition to their anti-air capabilities, the  Japanese operate one of the most technologically  

除了他們的防空能力，日本人還經營著一個技術含量最高的。

advanced air fleets in the world. They  boast almost 800 aircraft of which over  

世界上最先進的機隊。他們擁有近800架飛機，其中超過

300 are fourth and fifth-generation  fighter aircraft like the F-15 and F-35  

300架是F-15和F-35等第四代和第五代戰鬥機。

Joint Strike Fighter. They also operate several  electronic warfare platforms such as the E-767,  

聯合攻擊戰鬥機。他們還操作著幾個電子戰平臺，如E-767。

which give the air force an early warning for  airborne threats and can help pass information  

這給空軍提供了空中威脅的預警，並能幫助傳遞信息。

more quickly and securely than the North  Koreans who do not possess such a capability. 

比不具備這種能力的北朝鮮人更迅速、更安全。

In determining who would win in an  all-out war between North Korea and Japan,  

在確定北韓和日本之間的全面戰爭誰會贏的問題上。

it would depend on where it was fought. The most  likely scenario would be an invasion of North  

這將取決於它在哪裡打。最有可能發生的情況是入侵北境。

Korea by Japan since the North Korean navy simply  cannot conduct large scale amphibious operations  

由於北韓海軍根本無法進行大規模的兩棲作戰，所以日本對北韓的

on foreign shores. The Japanese do have such a  capability in their newly created marine brigade,  

在外國的海岸上。日本人的新成立的海軍陸戰隊確實有這樣的能力。

designed as a quick reaction force to defend its  far-flung islands, but this of course would have  

被設計為一支快速反應部隊，以保衛其遙遠的島嶼，但這當然會有。

to be scaled up if they wanted to invade an  entire country and not just a small island. 

如果他們想入侵整個國家而不僅僅是一個小島，就必須擴大規模。

But suppose the Japanese were able to scale their  amphibious operations and get their entire army  

但假設日本人能夠擴大他們的兩棲作戰規模 並讓他們的整個軍隊都參與進來的話

ashore. Once there, they would be facing an army  almost ten times their size! Not to mention the  

岸上。一旦到了那裡，他們將面對的是一支規模幾乎是他們十倍的軍隊!更何況

millions in reserves that can be brought up. The  only advantage here would be that North Korea  

數百萬的儲備，可以拿出來。這裡唯一的好處是，北韓

deploys much of its forces in fixed positions  along the DMZ with South Korea. A well-planned  

在與南朝鮮的非軍事區沿線的固定陣地部署了大部分部隊。一個精心策劃的

amphibious assault behind all of these defenses  might just give Japan the edge it needs to negate  

在所有這些防線後面的兩棲攻擊可能會給日本帶來它所需要的優勢來否定

the obvious advantage in North Korean numbers. Of course, Japan also has the advantage as the  

北韓人數上的明顯優勢。當然，日本也有優勢，因為日本是。

technologically superior force. Their anti-missile  systems would surely protect the homeland and  

技術上的優勢力量。他們的反導彈系統肯定會保護祖國和。

invasion force from North Korean fire. Their  tanks, planes, and even infantry weapons are  

入侵部隊從北朝鮮的火力。他們的坦克、飛機，甚至步兵武器，都被打得七零八落。

also superior. However, as seen on battlefields of  the past like the Eastern Front in World War Two  

也是優越的。然而，從過去的戰場上看，比如二戰中的東線戰場

even small numbers of vastly superior equipment  will eventually be overcome by sheer numbers.

即使是數量不多的優勢裝備，最終也會被數量所戰勝。

The last factor to consider is the individual  soldiers themselves. In Japan, the military is a  

最後要考慮的因素是阿兵哥個人本身。在日本，軍隊是一個

100 percent volunteer force while in North Korea  the military is forced onto everybody. Once in,  

百分之百的志願軍，而在北朝鮮，軍隊則是強加給每個人的。一旦進入。

service in North Korea is marked by brutality from  superiors and a chronic lack of food and supplies.  

在北朝鮮服役的特點是上級的殘暴和長期缺乏食物和補給。

In fact, it is not uncommon for completely  healthy young men to be left so weak and  

事實上，完全健康的年輕男子，如此虛弱不堪的情況並不少見。

hungry after basic training that their  parents have to pick them up and nurse  

飢餓的基本訓練後，他們的父母不得不接他們和護理

them back to health before rejoining the army. The North Korean military also hands out brutal  

他們在重新入伍前恢復健康。北朝鮮軍方還發放殘酷的

punishments to its soldiers. Beatings  and rape are common in their formations  

對其阿兵哥的懲罰。毆打和強姦在他們的隊伍中很常見。

with fear being the primary motivating  factor getting soldiers through the day.  

恐懼是讓阿兵哥們度過一天的主要動力因素。

Compare that to the professional Japanese  military that treats all its soldiers with respect  

相比之下，日本的職業軍人對所有阿兵哥都很尊重

and one can reasonably expect that once North  Koreans see just how better their lives might be,  

我們可以合理地預期，一旦朝鮮人看到他們的生活可能會有多好。

many would simply give up  and switch to the other side. 

很多人會乾脆放棄，轉而投靠對方。

All things considered, a war between North Korea  and Japan would be brutal and a close call.  

綜合考慮，北韓和日本之間的戰爭將是殘酷的，也是千鈞一髮的。

North Korea simply has a massive amount of people  and equipment to overcome while fighting on their  

北韓只是在作戰時要克服大量的人員和裝備問題。

home territory. The Japanese face the difficulty  of fighting a campaign away from their shores  

本土。日本人面臨著遠離海岸的作戰困難

and in replacing losses of people and material  quickly as casualties mount. If Japan could  

並在傷亡人數增加時迅速補充人員和物資的損失。如果日本能夠

conduct a swift and lightning-fast campaign  that bypasses most of the fixed North Korean  

繞過北朝鮮的大部分固定據點，以迅雷不及掩耳盜鈴之勢進行作戰。

positions they could win a stunning victory. But  if the Japanese lose the element of surprise the  

他們可以贏得一場驚人的勝利但如果日本人失去了出其不意的因素... ...

favor is pointed towards the North Koreans who  can mobilize an entire nation prepared for war.

偏向於能夠動員整個國家準備戰爭的朝鮮人。