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Hello and welcome to News Review from BBC Learning English.
你好,歡迎來到BBC學英語的新聞評論。
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I'm Catherine and joining me today is Tom. Hello Tom.
我是凱瑟琳,今天加入我的是湯姆。你好,湯姆
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Hello Catherine. Good morning and hello to our audience.
你好,凱瑟琳。早上好,向我們的觀眾問好。
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Today's story is about former US president Donald Trump.
今天的故事是關於美國前總統特朗普的。
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Mr. Trump was acquitted, or found not guilty,
特朗普先生被無罪釋放,或被判無罪。
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at his recent impeachment trial.
在他最近的彈劾審判中。
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Now, don't forget – if you want more on this story and to do a quiz,
現在,別忘了--如果你想了解更多關於這個故事的資訊,並做一個小測驗。
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just go to our website: bbclearningenglish.com.
只要到我們的網站:bbclearningenglish.com。
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Now, let's hear more about this story from this BBC News report:
現在,讓我們來聽聽BBC新聞報道中關於這個故事的更多內容。
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So, Donald Trump's impeachment trial has ended.
所以,唐納德-特朗普的彈劾審判已經結束。
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The trial aimed to establish whether Mr. Trump was responsible
審判的目的是確定特朗普先生是否負有責任。
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for causing the attack on the US Congress last month.
為導致上個月美國國會遭到襲擊。
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Mr. Trump was acquitted, or found not guilty, in the case
特朗普先生在該案中被宣告無罪或被判無罪。
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and this is the second time that this has happened.
這已經是第二次發生這種情況了。
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OK. And you've been looking at the headlines around this story,
好的。你一直在看這個故事的頭條新聞。
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haven't you Tom? What words have you picked out for us today?
是吧,湯姆?你今天給我們挑了什麼詞?
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Our words and expressions for today, Catherine, are:
凱瑟琳,我們今天要說的話和表達方式是:
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'sad chapter', 'rifts' and 'kerfuffle'.
'悲傷的篇章','裂痕'和'爭吵'。
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'Sad chapter', 'rifts' and 'kerfuffle'.
'悲章'、'裂痕'、'剋夫'。
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So, let's take a look at your first headline.
那麼,我們來看看你的第一個標題。
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My first headline is from India. It's the Hindustan Times – it says:
我的第一個標題來自印度。是《印度斯坦時報》,上面寫著:
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'Sad chapter' – negative period.
'悲章'--負期。
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Now, what can you tell us about this word, Tom?
現在,你能告訴我們關於這個詞的什麼,湯姆?
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Let's begin with 'chapter'. 'Chapter' is a noun: C-H-A-P-T-E-R.
先說說'章'吧。'章'是個名詞。C-H-A-P-T-E-R
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And a 'chapter' is a part of a book.
而 "章 "是一本書的一部分。
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A part of a book – so part of a story.
一本書的一部分--所以是一個故事的一部分。
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Now, what's this got to do with Trump, Biden, democracy?
這跟特朗普、拜登、民主有什麼關係?
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What's going on?
發生什麼事了?
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Good question. So, if we think about... let's begin with the headline.
問得好所以,如果我們考慮... 讓我們從標題開始。
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The headline talks about Mr. Biden's quote
標題談到了拜登先生的這句話。
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that Trump's acquittal was a 'sad chapter'
特朗普的無罪釋放是 "悲傷的一章
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or a negative period for American democracy.
或為美國民主的負面時期。
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If you think about democracy as a sort of... a lifeline or a story:
如果你把民主看成是一種... 一種生命線或一個故事。
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Mr. Biden is saying that the acquittal
拜登先生說,無罪開釋。
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marks a negative period in this ongoing story.
標誌著這個正在發生的故事進入了一個消極的時期。
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OK. Got it. So, a 'chapter' is like a period of life –
好吧,我知道了我明白了。所以,一個 "章節 "就像人生的一個時期----------。
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in this case, a period of the kind of story of democracy.
在這種情況下,一個時期的那種民主的故事。
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So, we can only use 'chapter' when we're talking
所以,我們只能用 "章",當我們在談論
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about big things like democracy and world events?
關於民主和世界事件等大事?
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Or can you use it to talk about a period of your own personal life?
或者可以用它來談談自己個人的一段生活?
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Very good question.
非常好的問題。
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No, we don't just use 'chapter' for sort of important things;
不,我們不只是用'章'來表示那種重要的事情。
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we can use it a lot in our personal life as well.
我們在個人生活中也可以經常使用它。
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For example, when I went to university
比如說,我上大學的時候
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that was the start of a 'new chapter' in my life:
那是我生命中 "新篇章 "的開始。
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it was something completely different that I'd never done before.
這是完全不同的東西,我從來沒有做過。
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A 'happy chapter', Tom?
一個 "幸福的篇章",湯姆?
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It was a very happy chapter, yeah.
這是一個非常快樂的章節,是的。
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'Happy and exciting chapter,' you could say.
可以說是'快樂而刺激的一章'。
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OK. Any other expressions that we can use
好的其他的表達方式,我們可以使用
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relating to sort of 'chapters' of our lives?
與我們的生活中的 "章節 "有關?
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When a 'chapter' ends, we can use another expression
當一個 "章節 "結束時,我們可以使用另一種表達方式
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related to books, which is 'turn the page'.
與書本有關,也就是 "翻頁"。
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So, if you 'turn the page' on a chapter, you end it:
所以,如果你 "翻頁 "一章,就結束了。
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you sort of – you begin a new portion.
你有點 - 你開始一個新的部分。
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Nice explanation. OK.
很好的解釋。好的
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Well, it's time to 'turn the page' on this chapter of News Review
好了,現在是時候 "翻開 "新聞評論的這一章了。
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and we're going to finish this section with a summary.
我們將以總結的方式結束本節。
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Very good!
很好!
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So, we're talking today about Donald Trump's second impeachment trial
我們今天討論的是唐納德-特朗普的第二次彈劾審判
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but a while ago we talked about his first impeachment trial, didn't we Tom?
但不久前我們談到了他的第一次彈劾審判,不是嗎,湯姆?
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We did – in the BBC offices –
我們在BBC的辦公室裡
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and you can find that video by clicking the link.
你可以通過點擊鏈接找到該視頻。
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Can we now have your second headline?
我們現在可以看到你的第二個標題了嗎?
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Of course. My second headline comes from
當然,我的第二個標題來自於我的第二個標題來自於
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the Financial Times in the UK – it says:
英國的《金融時報》--它說。
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And that word is 'rifts'.
而這個詞就是'裂縫'。
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'Rifts' – serious breaks or separations.
'裂縫'--嚴重的斷裂或分離。
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Now, this word's a noun, isn't it Tom?
現在,這個詞是個名詞,不是嗎,湯姆?
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It is. It's plural – the singular noun is 'rift': R-I-F-T.
它是。它的複數--單數名詞是 "裂縫"。R -I -F -T。
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And a 'rift' is a serious break or separation.
而'裂痕'就是嚴重的斷裂或分離。
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And we often use this in geographical terms,
而我們在地理方面也經常使用。
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don't we, to describe geographical features?
難道不是嗎,來描述地理特徵?
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Yeah. So, literally a 'rift' is a crack, or a break or a split.
是啊,所以,從字面上看,"裂縫 "是指裂縫,或者說是斷裂或分裂。所以,從字面上看,"裂縫 "就是一個裂縫,或者說是一個斷裂或分裂。
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So, you could have a 'rift' in clouds or rocks, for example.
所以,比如說,你可以在雲層或岩石上有一個 "裂縫"。
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Of a valley: if you think about a valley –
一個山谷的:如果你想到一個山谷--。
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you know, two high sides with a space in between them –
你知道,兩個高邊與他們之間的空間 -
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a valley is a 'rift'. It's just a really big 'rift'.
谷是一個'裂縫'。只是一個真正的大'裂縫'。
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Big geography then – these are big.
大地理那麼--這些都是大。
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You don't get a little 'rift' in a pebble
鵝卵石上不會有一點 "裂痕"。
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or a little small rock you can hold in your hand.
或一塊可以拿在手裡的小石頭。
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Yeah. Like, there are no 'rifts' under my shoe – do you know what I mean?
是啊,就像,我的鞋子下面沒有 "裂痕 "一樣就像,我的鞋子下面沒有 "裂縫",你知道我的意思嗎?
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They... we're using this economy of sort of large – excuse me.
他們... ... 我們正在使用這種經濟的排序大 - 對不起。
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We're using this language of large scale,
我們在用這種大尺度的語言。
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so we normally use it for sort of important and momentous things.
所以我們通常用它來做一些重要的、重大的事情。
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So, when we use 'rift' figuratively, we're talking about a split or a division
所以,當我們用 "裂痕 "來比喻的時候,我們說的是分裂或分化。
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between people who had been on good terms.
一直關係不錯的人之間。
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So, let's go back to that headline. It says:
那麼,讓我們回到那個標題上。它說:
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'Senate acquittal exposes deep Republican rifts over Trump.'
'參議院的無罪釋放暴露了共和黨在特朗普問題上的深刻分歧。
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What this is saying is that – what the headline says is that
這是說--標題說的是
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Donald Trump's acquittal has shown that there is a big gap
唐納德-特朗普的無罪釋放讓人們看到了巨大的差距。
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between Republicans: between his own party.
共和黨人之間:他自己的政黨之間。
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You know, they're very far away from each other and they've split.
你知道,他們離得很遠,而且他們已經分開了。
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So, they really don't agree and they're not getting on.
所以,他們真的不同意,也就沒辦法了。
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Exactly.
就是這樣
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OK. And we only use this to talk about kind of big people in politics?
好吧,我們只用這個來談論政界的大人物?我們只用這個來談論政界的大人物嗎?
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Or can you have a 'rift' in the family,
或者說,你可以在家庭中出現'裂痕'。
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if you really fall out with somebody in your family?
如果你真的和家裡的人鬧翻了?
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You can have a 'rift' in a lot of things
你可以在很多事情上有 "裂痕"。
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and we can use it a lot in our day-to-day life as well.
而我們在日常生活中也可以經常用到它。
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For example, we could have a 'rift' in a family, as you said,
比如說,我們可以像你說的那樣,一個家庭出現'裂痕'。
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or 'rift' in a relationship or a 'rift' in a marriage.
或關係中的'裂痕'或婚姻中的'裂痕'。
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OK...
好吧...
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Notice that I said 'in' as well.
注意,我也說了'在'。
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Yes... yeah. Yeah, yeah.
是的... 是的。是的,是的。
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Preposition's 'in'. Any other prep...
介詞的 "中"。任何其他的預...
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So, there's preposition 'in' – anything else we can use?
所以,有介詞 "在"--我們還能用什麼?
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Two main prepositions we use with 'rift':
我們主要用兩個介詞與'裂痕'搭配使用。
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one is 'in' and the other one is 'between'.
一個是'中',一個是'間'。
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So, with the headline we could say there is a 'rift in the Republican Party',
所以,在標題上我們可以說是 "共和黨出現了裂痕"。
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or we could say there is a 'rift between Republicans in the party'.
或者我們可以說是'黨內共和黨人之間的裂痕'。
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Aha! So, a 'rift in a thing',
啊哈!原來是 "物以類聚 "的裂痕。
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and the 'rift between' is followed by the people
和'之間的裂痕'之後,人們的
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or the organisations who are in disagreement.
或持不同意見的組織。
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Exactly. Very well put.
沒錯,說得非常好。說得非常好。
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And there are some verbs we can use with 'rift' as well:
還有一些動詞我們也可以用'塹'。
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you can 'open a rift' when it begins,
當它開始時,你可以 "打開一個裂縫"。
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and when it closes you can 'heal or mend a rift'.
當它關閉時,你可以 "治癒或修補裂縫"。
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Nice! Nice – thank you for that. Let's have a summary:
很好!很好--謝謝你。很好--謝謝你。讓我們來總結一下。
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And talking of things splitting up, we've got an archive story
說到分手,我們有一個檔案故事。
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about the EU and the UK, haven't we Tom?
關於歐盟和英國,不是嗎,湯姆?
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We do, yes. This is a story on the split that happened
我們是這樣做的,是的。這是一個關於分裂的故事,發生
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over the issue of Brexit and you can find it by clicking the link.
在Brexit問題上,你可以通過點擊鏈接找到它。
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Thank you very much. Now, let's have your next headline.
非常感謝你。現在,讓我們來看看你的下一個標題。
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Our next headline is from the BBC – it says:
我們下一個標題來自BBC--它說。
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'Kerfuffle'! Nice British English word, Tom. What can you tell us about it?
'Kerfuffle'!好一個英式英語單詞,湯姆你能告訴我們什麼?
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So, a 'kerfuffle' – a 'kerfuffle' is a disturbance or fuss over a minor issue.
所以,"克己"--"克己 "就是為一件小事鬧事或大驚小怪。
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So, it's a disturbance over something which isn't important.
所以,這是在一些不重要的事情上的干擾。
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What's interesting about 'kerfuffle' is it's a feature of spoken English
"kerfuffle "的有趣之處在於它是英語口語的一個特點。
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and you almost never see it written as in the headline.
而你幾乎從來沒有看到它寫成標題。
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So, we'd say it quite often but you very rarely see it written.
所以,我們會經常說,但你很少看到它的寫法。
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An example of a 'kerfuffle' over... a disturbance or fuss over a minor issue.
一個 "爭吵 "的例子... ...在一個小問題上的騷動或大驚小怪。
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Let's think about Rob in the office.
讓我們想想辦公室裡的羅布。
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The other day, Rob couldn't find his biscuits.
有一天,羅布找不到他的餅乾。
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He said, 'Who's stolen my biscuits?'
他說:"誰偷了我的餅乾?
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He started to scream, he started to shout
他開始尖叫,他開始大叫。
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and then eventually he found his biscuits.
然後最終他找到了他的餅乾。
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Biscuits – not a big issue. There's no need to scream and shout, Rob.
餅乾 - 不是一個大問題。沒有必要大喊大叫,羅布。
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Rob was creating a 'kerfuffle'. We could say, 'What a kerfuffle!'
羅布在製造一場 "混戰"。我們可以說,"真是一場混戰!
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Or: 'Such a big kerfuffle over nothing!'
或者說:"無事生非,鬧得這麼大!
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So, without making too much of a 'kerfuffle'
所以,在不做過多的 "打鬧 "的情況下。
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about the word 'kerfuffle', let's have a summary:
關於 "克爾菲 "這個詞,我們來做個總結。
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Now, Tom, time to recap the vocabulary, if you would?
現在,湯姆,是時候回顧一下詞彙了,如果你願意的話?
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Yeah, of course. Today's vocabulary – we have:
是的,當然。今天的詞彙 - 我們有。
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'sad chapter' – negative period;
'悲章'--負期。
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'rifts' – serious breaks or separation;
'裂痕'--嚴重的斷裂或分離。
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and 'kerfuffle' disturbance or fuss over a minor issue.
和'kerfuffle'干擾或小題大做。
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And you can test yourself on today's vocabulary with the quiz on our website.
而且你可以通過我們網站上的測驗來測試自己今天的詞彙量。
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You can find us all over social media too,
你也可以在社交媒體上找到我們。
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so thank you for watching and goodbye for now. Bye!
所以,謝謝你的觀看,現在再見。再見!
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And see you next time.
下次見。