it's nothing compared to the terrifying  power of Hitler's propaganda machine.  

與希特勒的宣傳機器的可怕力量相比，這算不了什麼。

Carefully orchestrated propaganda campaigns  allowed Hitler and the Nazis to sow hatred,  

精心策劃的宣傳活動使希特勒和納粹得以播撒仇恨。

encourage violence, and get away  with unimaginable atrocities.

鼓勵暴力，並對難以想象的暴行逍遙法外。

Life in Germany after the First World War was  bleak. After losing the war and being made to  

第一次世界大戰後，德國的生活是暗淡的。在戰敗後，被逼迫

sign the harsh Treaty of Versailles, Germany was  forced to relinquish huge amounts of territory  

簽署了苛刻的《凡爾賽條約》，德國被迫放棄了大量的領土。

and the country fell into a deep recession.  Unemployment was sky-high, and inflation was  

國家陷入深度衰退。 失業率居高不下，通貨膨脹也是

running rampant. In 1914, before the war, a loaf  of bread cost the equivalent of 13 cents. By the  

猖獗。1914年，戰前，一塊麵包的價格相當於13美分。到了1914年

end of the war in 1919, the cost had doubled to 26  cents. By 1922, 3 years after the war had ended,  

1919年戰爭結束後，成本翻了一番，達到26美分。到了1922年，也就是戰爭結束3年後。

a loaf of bread cost 700 dollars. But things  would get so, so much worse in the post-war years.

一條麵包要700美元但在戰後，情況會變得如此，如此糟糕。

By the end of 1923, the price of bread had  skyrocketed to the equivalent of 100 billion  

到1923年底，麵包的價格已經飆升到相當於1000億的價格

dollars, the economy had collapsed and  the German currency had become worthless.  

美元，經濟已經崩潰，德國貨幣已經變得一文不值。

Unable to feed their families or make ends  meet, morale among the German population  

由於無法養家餬口或維持生計，德國人的士氣大跌

plummeted. This astounding reversal  of fortunes for the once mighty nation  

暴跌。這個曾經的強國發生了驚人的逆轉。

created the perfect conditions  for the Nazis to rise to power.

為納粹的崛起創造了完美的條件。

The National Socialist Party, or the Nazis,  came to power in 1933, and Hitler wasted no  

國家社會黨，或者說納粹黨，在1933年上臺，希特勒沒有浪費任何時間。

time in implementing his devious plans to restore  Germany to its former glory. Over the next few  

在實施其恢復德國昔日榮光的狡猾計劃方面，時間是有限的。在接下來的時間裡

years he began to rebuild the German military  in direct violation of the Versailles treaty,  

年，他開始重建德國軍隊，直接違反凡爾賽條約。

attempted to boost morale by praising the German  people as a “superior” race, and blamed all of  

試圖通過稱讚德國人是一個 "優越 "的種族來鼓舞士氣，並把所有的責任都歸咎於德國人。

Germany's problems on so-called traitors like  communists, Jews and other minorities. In 1939,  

德國的問題在所謂的叛徒身上，如共產黨人、猶太人和其他少數民族。在1939年：

with the invasion of Poland, Hitler launched  the Second World War and implemented his brutal  

隨著對波蘭的入侵，希特勒發動了第二次世界大戰，並實施了他殘暴的 "三民主義"。

“final solution” to what he called “the Jewish  problem”. It is estimated that 5 to 6 million  

他稱之為 "猶太人問題 "的 "最終解決方案"。據估計，有500萬至600萬

Jews - up to 2 thirds of all Jews living in Europe  before the war - were starved, tortured, used as  

猶太人--戰前生活在歐洲的所有猶太人中多達三分之二的人--被餓死，被折磨，被用來當做 "大炮"。

slave labor and systematically murdered in Nazi  death camps like Auschwitz during the Holocaust.

在大屠殺期間，在奧斯維辛等納粹死亡集中營中，他們是奴隸勞工，被系統地殺害。

How was Hitler able to get away  with such unimaginable atrocities?  

希特勒為什麼能夠逃脫這種難以想象的暴行？

The truth is that none of it would have been  possible without Hitler's propaganda machine.

事實上，如果沒有希特勒的宣傳機器，這一切都不可能實現。

Within weeks of the Nazis taking power,  Hitler established the Ministry for  

在納粹上臺後的幾周內，希特勒就成立了 "納粹部"。

Popular Enlightenment and Propaganda to spread  national socialist ideas, and he was very clear  

大眾啟蒙和宣傳，傳播國家社會主義思想，他非常清楚

about the ministry's purpose. In 1924 Hitler  was quoted as saying that propaganda's “task  

關於該部的目的。1924年，希特勒被引述為，宣傳部的 "任務是

is not to make an objective study of the  truth, insofar as it favors the enemy,  

是不對真理進行客觀研究，只要有利於敵人。

and then set it before the masses with academic  fairness; its task is to serve our own right,  

然後以學術公正的態度擺在大眾面前，它的任務是為我們自己的權利服務。

always and unflinchingly.” At the head of this  all-important Ministry was a man named Joseph  

始終毫不動搖地"。在這個舉足輕重的部裡，負責人是一個叫約瑟夫

Goebbels. Goebbels was a gifted speaker and  talented propagandist, and he would go on to  

戈培爾。戈培爾是一個有天賦的演講家和天才的宣傳家，他將會繼續從事

be the man largely responsible for the German  people's favorable opinion of the Nazi regime.

是德國人民對納粹政權的好感度的主要責任人。

The Nazis' propaganda campaigns were  so successful because they targeted  

納粹的宣傳活動之所以如此成功，是因為他們針對的是

the weaknesses and aspirations of the different  classes of Germans. Under Goebbels' direction,  

不同階層的德國人的弱點和願望。在戈培爾的指導下。

the Ministry crafted unique messages for  different audiences and used advanced  

該部為不同的閱聽人精心設計了獨特的資訊，並使用了先進的技術。

advertising techniques for the day to spread  their nefarious ideas throughout German society.

日的廣告技術，在德國社會中傳播他們的邪惡思想。

The military rearmament campaign was a  clear violation of the Versailles treaty,  

軍事再武裝運動顯然違反了《凡爾賽條約》。

but also created many jobs in a struggling  economy, and helped the Nazis secure the support  

但也在艱難的經濟中創造了許多就業機會，並幫助納粹獲得了支持。

of the working classes. Messages targeting  business owners who had suffered after the  

勞動階級的。針對企業主的資訊，他們曾在 "一帶一路 "倡議後遭受損失。

war placed the blame for all of Germany's  recent troubles on communists and Jews,  

戰爭把德國最近所有的麻煩都歸咎於共產黨人和猶太人。

and claimed that Germany had been stabbed in the  back and betrayed by foreign aggressors after  

並宣稱德國被外國侵略者從背後捅了一刀，背叛了德國。

World War 1. The key themes of propaganda  targeting the middle and upper classes  

第一次世界大戰。針對中產階級和上層階級的主要宣傳主題

focused on the supposed purity and  racial supremacy of the German people.

集中體現了德國人所謂的純潔和種族至上。

Nazi propaganda infiltrated  all areas of German life,  

納粹的宣傳滲透到德國人生活的各個領域。

from education and industry to science and  entertainment, and the ministry used all forms  

從教育、工業到科學、娛樂，該部利用各種形式

of media to spread their messages and present  Germany as the “defender” of Western culture.  

的媒體，以傳播他們的資訊，把德國說成是西方文化的 "捍衛者"。

Art and music, radio, film and theatre were  all harnessed to further the Nazis' agenda.

藝術和音樂，廣播，電影和戲劇都被利用來推進納粹的議程。

Everything from the Nazis' uniforms to the party's  strict hierarchy echoed a strong military theme,  

從納粹的制服到黨內嚴格的等級制度，無不呼應著強烈的軍事主題。

and appealed to Germans who wanted to regain  the country's former glory as a military power.  

並吸引了想要重拾國家作為軍事強國昔日輝煌的德國人。

War was glorified as a way for Germans to  avenge themselves against their enemies,  

戰爭被美化為德國人向敵人復仇的一種方式。

and a propaganda campaign rebranded the post-war  years as part of a 30-years war, one that started  

和宣傳運動重塑了戰後歲月的品牌，作為30年戰爭的一部分，這場戰爭開始了。

in 1914 with the onset of World War 1, and one  that wouldn't end until Germany was victorious  

1914年，隨著第一次世界大戰的爆發，一個直到德國勝利才會結束的戰爭。

and restored to its former glory. Painted in this  light, the Nazis were able to convince the German  

並恢復到它以前的輝煌。在這種情況下，納粹能夠說服德國人。

public that their enemies were planning to attack  them at any moment, and the Nazis' were able to  

他們的敵人正計劃隨時攻擊他們,而納粹也能在他們的計劃中找到答案

claim that the invasion of Poland at the start  of World War 2 was simply an act of self defence.

聲稱第二次世界大戰開始時入侵波蘭只是一種自衛行為；

This militaristic theme was on prominent  display during the many rallies held by Hitler.  

在希特勒舉行的多次集會中，這種軍國主義主題表現得非常突出。

Nazi Party Rallies were held annually in  Nuremburg to display the power and might  

納粹黨每年都會在紐倫堡舉行集會，以展示權力和威力。

of the Nazi regime and gain popular support for  the party. Often lasting for more than a week,  

納粹政權，並獲得民眾對該黨的支持。往往持續一週以上。

thousands of spectators would flood the  fairgrounds to attend folk festivals  

逢年過節，成千上萬的觀眾湧入集市，參加民俗節日

and watch parades of specially-selected SS  and military tropps who best represented  

並觀看特別挑選的黨衛軍和軍隊的遊行，他們最能代表國家的利益。

the Arayan ideal as they marched through the  grounds, turning to Hitler, who was situated  

阿拉揚人的理想，當他們穿過場地時，轉向希特勒，他位於...

at the very top of the massive grandstands, to  recognize him with the signature Nazi salute.

在巨大的看臺的最頂端，用標誌性的納粹禮來表彰他。

The Nazis knew that it wasn't enough to convince  adult Germans to follow them - they had to target  

納粹知道，說服成年德國人跟隨他們是不夠的... ...他們必須把目標鎖定在... ...

the next generation of Germans and turn them into  devoted Nazis, too. In 1937, Hitler outlawed the  

並把他們也變成忠實的納粹分子。1937年，希特勒取締了...

Boy Scouts and all other youth groups except for  his own version - the Hitler Youth. Under the  

童子軍和所有其他青年團體 除了他自己的版本--希特勒青年團。在

guise of typical scouting activities like hiking,  camping and survival training, the Hitler Youth  

打著典型的童子軍活動的幌子，如遠足、野營和生存訓練，希特勒青年團

was a way for the Nazis to remove children from  the influence of their parents and indoctrinate  

是納粹將兒童從父母的影響中解脫出來並灌輸給他們的一種方式。

them in their anti-semetic ideology. The program  was so effective that many children would denounce  

他們的反猶主義思想。這個計劃非常有效，以至於很多孩子都會譴責。

their parents or even report them for behaving  in ways that the Nazis considered unacceptable,  

他們的父母，甚至舉報他們以納粹認為不可接受的方式行事。

such as being tolerant towards Jews. The  real goal of the Hitler Youth, though,  

如對猶太人的寬容。不過，希特勒青年團的真正目標。

was to create more soldiers for the German army,  and over time the boys' branch of the group became  

是為了給德軍創造更多的阿兵哥，隨著時間的推移，男孩的團支部變成了

more and more militaristic, training young boys  to march, handle weapons and prepare for war.

越來越軍事化，訓練年輕男孩行軍、處理武器和準備戰爭。

The Nazis had complete power over German  newspapers and were able to control what  

納粹對德國的報紙擁有完全的權力，並且能夠控制德國報紙的內容。

news the German people read. They used newspapers  like Die Sturmer - “The Attacker” - to further  

德國人民閱讀的新聞他們利用像Die Sturmer這樣的報紙... "攻擊者"... ...來進一步提高德國人民的閱讀量

their anti-semetic agenda, especially in periods  prior to the passage of anti-semetic legislation.  

特別是在反猶主義立法通過之前的時期，他們的反猶主義議程。

Before the 1935 Nuremberg Race Laws were  enacted, the Nazis used newspapers extensively  

在1935年紐倫堡種族法頒佈之前，納粹廣泛地利用了報紙

to gain acceptance - or at least tolerance - of  their new racist policies. Under the new laws,  

以獲得對其新的種族主義政策的接受--或至少是容忍。根據新的法律：

anyone with 3 or 4 Jewish grandparents,  regardless of whether they were practicing Judaism  

凡是有三四個猶太祖父母的人，無論他們是否信奉猶太教，都是如此。

or self-identified with their Jewish roots,  were excluded from citizenship, denied political  

猶太血統或自認為有猶太血統的人，被排除在公民身份之外，被剝奪了政治權利。

rights, and forbidden from marrying anyone of  German blood. Graphic cartoons in Die Sturmer  

的權利，並禁止與德國血統的人結婚。圖形漫畫在Die Sturmer

portrayed Jews as hideous and frightening subhuman  enemies of the German people, obsessed with money,  

把猶太人描繪成可怕的、可怕的德國人民的亞人敵人，沉迷於金錢。

sex and power. The Nazis were portrayed as  simply stepping in to restore order, and the  

性和權力。納粹被描繪成只是為了恢復秩序而介入，而納粹也被描繪成只是為了恢復秩序而介入，而納粹也被描繪成只是為了恢復秩序而介入。

German people were encouraged to stand aside and  passively accept their horrible treatment of Jews.

德國人民被鼓勵站在一邊，被動地接受他們對猶太人的可怕待遇。

One of the Nazis greatest propaganda  weapons was the film industry. The Nazis  

納粹最大的宣傳武器之一就是電影業。納粹

were suspicious at first, since they thought  that the film industry was controlled by Jews,  

一開始他們很懷疑，因為他們認為電影業是由猶太人控制的。

but Goebbels saw the opportunity to influence the  thoughts and beliefs of the German people through  

但戈培爾看到了通過影響德國人民的思想和信仰的機會。

film. He purged the industry of “undesirables”,  and offered high profile positions and unlimited  

電影。他清除了行業內的 "不良分子"，並提供了高規格的職位和無限制的。

resources to those who were loyal to the Nazi  cause. Some films focused on depicting Germans  

資源給那些忠於納粹事業的人。一些電影專注於描述德國人

as racially, culturally and militarily superior  and glorified the Nazi Party. One of Goebbels'  

作為種族、文化和軍事上的優勢，並美化了納粹黨。戈培爾的一個

favorite directors was Leni Riefenstahl,  and she directed many films for the Nazis,  

最喜歡的導演是列尼-裡芬斯塔爾，她為納粹導演了很多電影。

including Triumph of the Will, an aesthetically  pleasing film covering the 1934 Nazi Party rally.  

包括《意志的勝利》，這部唯美的電影報道了1934年納粹黨的集會。

Other films had a darker theme. The Eternal Jew,  directed by Fritz Hippler, demonized the Jewish  

其他電影的主題更黑暗。弗裡茨-希普勒執導的《永恆的猶太人》將猶太人妖魔化。

people as subhuman, wandering cultural parasites  who were bent on destroying German culture.

人為亞人，流浪的文化寄生蟲，一心想要摧毀德國文化。

In the years leading up to the start of World  War 2, the Nazis were making little effort to  

在第二次世界大戰開始前的幾年裡，納粹幾乎沒有做出任何努力來解決這個問題

hide their violations of the Versailles treaty  and were being incredibly blatant about their  

掩蓋其違反《凡爾賽條約》的行為，並令人難以置信地公然宣揚他們的行為。

horrific ideas and plans. So, why  did no one stop them? In short,  

可怕的想法和計劃。那麼，為什麼沒有人阻止他們呢？簡而言之

their propaganda machine was working just as hard  outside of Germany as it was within the country.  

他們的宣傳機器在德國以外的地方和國內一樣努力工作

In the days before the internet, it was much  easier for governments to control the narrative  

在互聯網之前的日子裡，政府控制敘事要容易得多

and take charge of what outsiders were  allowed to see about the inner workings  

並負責允許外人看到的內部運作情況。

of their country. They took steps  to mislead foreign governments into  

他們的國家。他們採取步驟，誤導外國政府，使其成為

thinking that the Nazis were simply making  reasonable demands to rebuild their country,  

以為納粹只是提出重建國家的合理要求。

while downplaying their anti-semetic rhetoric  and increasingly violent treatment of Jews.

同時淡化他們的反猶言論和對猶太人越來越暴力的待遇。

Just 3 years before the onset of World War 2,  Nazi Germany hosted the 1936 Olypmic Games,  

就在二戰爆發前3年，納粹德國舉辦了1936年奧利匹克運動會。

inviting the world into their country in the  midst of their remilitarization and anti-semtism.  

在他們的再軍事化和反猶主義中邀請世界進入他們的國家；

This event was yet another grand propaganda  campaign, designed to fool the world and  

這次事件是又一次盛大的宣傳活動，旨在愚弄世界和

bolster the German people. Though Jewish-German  athletes were forbidden to compete in the Games,  

支持德國人民。雖然猶太裔德國運動員被禁止參加運動會。

the Nazis toned down their anti-semetic  rhetoric in the papers and radio,  

納粹在報紙和廣播中減少了他們的反猶言論。

and they cleaned up their cities, removing  “Jews Unwelcome” signs and blatantly racist  

他們清理了他們的城市，拆除 "不歡迎猶太人 "的標誌和公然的種族主義。

posters. Visiting athletes and delegates  were blissfully unaware of the true extent  

海報。來訪的運動員和代表們都很茫然地沒有意識到這一問題的真實程度。

of the Nazis' hatred for the Jews and their  increasingly violent treatment of them. Beloved  

納粹對猶太人的仇恨以及他們對猶太人越來越暴力的對待。親愛的

Nazi film director Leni Riefenstahl filmed the  entire event for use as pro-German and pro-Nazi  

納粹電影導演萊尼-裡芬斯塔爾拍攝了整個事件，作為親德和親納粹的用途。

propaganda in the months and years to come,  showcasing the Nazis as heroic leaders who  

在未來的數月和數年裡，納粹的宣傳，展示了他們作為英雄領袖的形象，他們是誰？

had turned their country around and had shown  the world how superior the German people were.

已經扭轉了他們的國家 並向世界展示了德國人民是多麼優越。

Later, as World War 2 dragged on, the world  finally began hearing whispered rumors of the  

後來，隨著第二次世界大戰的拖沓，世界上終於開始聽到了悄悄的傳聞。

atrocities being committed in Nazi concentration  camps. The propaganda machine once again went  

在納粹集中營裡犯下的暴行。宣傳機器又一次去了

to work to quash these reports. The Nazis went  so far as to allow the International Red Cross  

以粉碎這些報告。納粹甚至允許國際紅十字會... ...

to visit one of these camp-ghettos, inviting  representatives to tour Theresienstadt camp in  

訪問其中一個難民營，並邀請代表們參觀位於紐約的特雷西恩施塔特難民營。

modern Czech Republic. There, Red Cross officials  saw a respectable, if crowded, ghetto where Jewish  

現代捷克共和國。在那裡，紅十字會的官員看到了一個令人尊敬的，雖然擁擠的猶太區，在那裡猶太人的生活是很好的。

“residents” were treated benevolently, fed  adequately, and put to work under humane  

"居民 "受到仁慈的對待，吃得飽飽的，並在人性化的條件下投入工作。

conditions. The Nazis even made a film about the  camp to reassure the German public that nothing  

的條件。納粹甚至把集中營拍成了一部電影，以向德國公眾保證，沒有任何東西能讓他們放心

sinister was going on. But, it was all lies.  In reality, the camp had undergone an extensive  

邪惡的是怎麼回事。但是，這一切都是謊言。 在現實中，營地已經經歷了一個廣泛的

beautification campaign prior to the visit, and as  soon as filming was over, the “cast” - A.K.A. the  

訪前的美化活動，而拍攝一結束，"演員"--A.K.A。

prisoners - were rounded up and shipped off to the  notorious Auschwitz death camp for extermination.

囚犯--被圍起來，運到臭名昭著的奧斯威辛死亡營進行滅絕。

Thankfully, in the end, the Nazis lost World War  2, and both Hitler and Goebbels commited suicide  

值得慶幸的是，最後納粹在二戰中失敗了，希特勒和戈培爾都自殺身亡了

in an underground bunker to avoid being held  accountable for their crimes. In the aftermath of  

在地下掩體中，以避免被追究其罪行的責任。在此後的

the war the reality of the atrocities committed in  the Nazi death camps were made known to the world  

戰爭期間，納粹死亡集中營的暴行被世人所知。

so that, hopefully, we can avoid repeating them.  Understanding propaganda is the first line of  

以便，希望我們能夠避免重蹈覆轍。 理解宣傳是我們的第一道防線。

defence against ever again allowing a brutal and  hateful dictator to commit such horrible crimes.

防止再次允許一個殘暴和仇恨的獨裁者犯下這種可怕的罪行。

It may have been easier to control the message  in the 1930s, but the internet age presents its  

在20世紀30年代，可能更容易控制資訊，但互聯網時代呈現出其

own challenges when it comes to fake news,  disinformation and propaganda. According to  

當涉及到假新聞、虛假資訊和宣傳時，也有自己的挑戰。根據

Simon Fraser University in Canada, there are some  simple steps we can all take to spot propaganda  

加拿大西蒙弗雷澤大學，我們都可以採取一些簡單的步驟來識別宣傳。

and avoid falling victim to it. In the  immediate aftermath of a big news event,  

並避免成為其受害者。在重大新聞事件發生後，立即。

the news outlets will always get it  wrong - wait for more information. Don't  

新聞機構總是會弄錯--等待更多的資訊。不要

trust anonymous sources or sources  that only cite other news outlets,  

相信匿名消息來源或只引用其他新聞機構的消息來源。

and take the time to compare multiple sources.  Pay close attention to the language used by media  

並花時間比較多個來源。 密切關注媒體使用的語言

outlets - for example, the phrase “We are getting  reports…” could mean anything at all. And finally,  

例如，"我們收到報告...... "這句話可能意味著任何事情。最後是 "我們正在收到報告... "這句話可能意味著任何事情。

some of this is on us. Beware of reflexive  sharing - don't share sensational news on  

有些是我們的責任。謹防反射性分享--不要將聳人聽聞的新聞分享給別人。

social media based on your first reaction, do your  due diligence before hitting that share button.

基於你的第一反應的社交媒體，在點擊分享按鈕之前，要做好你的盡職調查。

Following these steps can help to ensure  that nothing like Hitler's propaganda machine  

遵循這些步驟可以幫助確保沒有任何東西像希特勒的宣傳機器一樣。

can be allowed to manufacture outrage,  sow hatred or incite violence ever again.

不能再允許製造憤怒、播撒仇恨或煽動暴力。

If you thought this video was fascinating  and horrifying, just wait until you see  

如果你覺得這段視頻很吸引人，很恐怖，那就等著看吧。

our other videos, like this video called  “The World War 2 Nazi Breeding Plan”. Or,  

我們的其他視頻，比如這個視頻叫 "二戰納粹繁殖計劃"。或。

maybe this other video is for you.

也許這其他的視頻是為你。

As always, thanks for watching, and don't  forget to like, share and subscribe!

一如既往，感謝您的觀看，別忘了點贊、分享和訂閱!

See you next time!

下次見！