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Think of all the food made in the world each year.
請設想一下全球每年被生產出的所有的食物。
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Hard to picture?
很難想像是不是?
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Then, imagine that you are all of humanity,
那麼,請設想一下你就是所有人類,
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and on a plate in front of you
在你面前的這可愛的一盤
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is the one lovely annual meal you make for yourself.
是你犒賞自己這一年的大餐
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You did all sorts of work putting that meal on your table.
你竭盡所能地把這頓飯放到你的餐桌上
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You must be eager to consume the fruits of your labor.
你一定急於吃掉 用你勞動成果換來的成果
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And the vegetables.and meats and waffles of your labor, too, right?
蔬菜,和肉和鬆餅,對不對?
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Well, oddly enough, a third of that meal ends up in the trash.
但是,奇怪的是,這頓飯的三分之一
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A third of the food we eat globally,
我們全球三分之一的食物,最後都被當垃圾倒掉了
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an estimated 1.3 billion tons ends up as waste.
大約 13 億噸
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All the work we put into producing that food is wasted.
所有我們生產那食物的工作也被浪費了
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And what's worse, it costs us.
更糟糕的是,我們為此還花了錢
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America alone spends an estimated 165 billion dollars a year managing food waste.
就美國一個國家而言,每年就要花掉 1650 億美金
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We're wasting food, energy and and money.
我們在浪費食品、能源、肉
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Perhaps worst of all, we're wasting the chance to change,
我們還在浪費令食品消費系統
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to make the system of food consumption more efficient.
更行之有效的機會。
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If you want to bring on that change,
如果你想帶來變革,
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you should know about a humble yet diligent and ever-so-crucial ally: the worm.
你應該了解一位謙卑,但勤奮的而且很關鍵的盟友:蠕蟲
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Worms convert organic waste
蠕蟲可以將有機垃圾
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and other compostable products into natural fertilizers.
和其他堆肥產品轉化為天然肥料
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Up to 75% of what we put in the waste stream
我們丟進廢物中的高達 75% 的物質
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can become food and bedding material
都能變成蠕蟲分解的
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for vermicomposting.
食品和墊鋪材料
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You can create a worm bin in your own home
你可以在家裡做一個蠕蟲箱子
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to see the composting process in action.
觀察蠕蟲分解的過程
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First off, you need worms
首先,你需要蠕蟲
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and not your typical earthworms.
但不是典型的蚯蚓。
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You need redworms,
你需要活吃蟲,
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eisenia foetida,
學名是 eisenia foetida,
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the species responsible for most
在北美
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vermicomposting in North America.
大部份的蠕蟲分解都靠它
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These red wigglers are surface dwellers
這些紅色的蟲子就在表面活動
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who don't burrow too deep,
它們不會鑽得特別深,
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they're optimal feeders around room temperature,
它們最適宜室溫,
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and they're well-suited to converting organic waste
它們很擅長將有機垃圾
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into usable fertilizer
轉化為有用的肥料
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Now, your worms might be vermin,
現在,雖然你的蟲子們屬於寄生蟲,
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but they need a comfortable space to live and work:
但是牠們需要一個 舒適的空間來生活和工作:
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some bedding materials,
牠們需要一些墊鋪材料,
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either shredded paper or cardboard,
比如碎紙或者紙板,
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some moisture,
一些濕度,
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and, of course, food,
當然,還要有食物
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namely, your leftovers,
也就是你的廚餘,
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slightly decomposed table scraps.
有點變質的殘羹剩飯。
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The worms break down food waste
蠕蟲將食物垃圾
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and other organic matter into castings,
和其他有機物質分解成排泄物,
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a fancy synonym for worm poop.
也就是蠕蟲的大便
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Their excrement is absolutely teeming with microbes,
牠們的糞便充滿了微生物,
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which continue the decomposition process,
這些微生物繼續分解的過程,
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making all those once-wasted nutrients
令那些被一度浪費的營養物
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available again as fertilizer.
再一次轉化成肥料
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The timeline for the whole process varies
這整個過程所需的時間
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depending on the quantity of worms,
取決於蠕蟲的數量、
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the temperature,
溫度,
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and how much waste is added to the bin.
以及垃圾箱裡被添加了多少垃圾
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And there's another timeline to consider.
還有另一個時間可以考慮
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In a healthy worm-bin habitat,
在一個健康的蠕蟲箱的居住環境中,
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worm reproduction will occur
當蠕蟲性發育成熟時,
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when the wigglers become sexually mature,
牠們就會開始繁殖,
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indicated by an elongation of the segments into a bulbous structure.
蠕蟲的身體的一部分會變腫大
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Three-month old wigglers can produce
三個月大的蠕蟲能夠每週生產
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two to three semi-translucent yellow worm cocoons a week.
2-3 個半透明的黃色蠕蟲繭
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You thought only moths and butterflies
你以為只有蛾子和蝴蝶
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come out of cocoons?
會蟲繭裡飛出來?
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Well, we can't all be majestic.
不是所有從繭裡出來的生物都是美麗的
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It takes around 11 weeks for new babies to hatch.
大約需要 11 週的時間孵化出蠕蟲寶寶
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When your bin seems to be full of living vermicelli noodles, it's time to share the bounty with your friends and start a vermicompost club.
當你的蠕蟲箱看起來 充滿了活的蠕蟲麵條時,你就可以和你的朋友分享,然後開始建立一個蠕蟲分解俱樂部了
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Or keep those worms to yourself
或者自己留下這些蠕蟲,
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and start a business.
開始經營一項生意
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Vermicomposting isn't confined
蠕蟲分解不是只被限制在
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only to small worm bins,
一個小的蠕蟲箱裡,
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it's an emerging entrepreneurial enterprise.
這是一個新興的創業產業
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Large-scale facilities convert
大規模的設備可以將
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bulk organic waste and even manure
大量的有機垃圾甚至是排泄物
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into rich, black castings called black gold.
轉化成營養豐富的、黑色的物質,被稱為黑金
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Its value as a soil additive is unparalleled,
它作為泥土添加劑的價值無與倫比,
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and it can help plants resist harmful pathogens.
同時它還可以幫植物抵抗有害的病菌
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The lack of available land in urban environments,
城市環境中缺乏可用的土地,
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coupled with growing interest in smaller-scale farming
以及越來越多人對小型農作物的種植有興趣
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means there is a market for vermicomposting.
為蠕蟲分解提供了一個市場
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Many communities use composting as part of zero-waste strategies,
許多社區把分解當作零垃圾策略的一部分,
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and they can sell their worm-eaten table scraps to local farms, hungry for rich fertilizer.
他們可以將蠕蟲可食的廚房垃圾賣給當地那些急需營養肥料的農場
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So, instead of wasting money,
所以,無須再浪費金錢,
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dumping wasted food in landfills,
無須把浪費的食物填埋,
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we can remake waste into an asset,
我們可以變廢為寶,
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putting it back into our food system to make it more sustainable,
把垃圾投放回我們的食品系統令其更有可持續性,
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all with the help of the humble worm,
這些都要歸功於那些謙卑的蠕蟲,
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the tiny organism that can help us
這小小的生物體能幫助我們
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change the way we look at food's place in our lives
改變我們看待食物在我們生活中的位置的看法
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and our place in the world,
以及改變我們在世界的位置的看法,
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as long as we give the little guy
只要我們給這些小傢伙們
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a place at our table.
在餐桌上留個位置
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Well, not an actual seat at the table.
當然並不是餐桌上一個真正的位置
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A bin in the shed is fine.
一個垃圾桶就好了