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It decapitates victims, feeds on their babies, and gives the decapitated remains to its own babies to eat, and now it's coming to North America.
中文
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This is everything you need to know about murder hornets in six minutes.
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Ready, go.
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Dubbed the murder hornet by the US media, the Asian giant hornet has a sting that can be fatal to humans.
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Native to Asia, this hornet was spotted for the first time in the US this past December, and it's got people worried.
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- Yeah, this is brand new to me and our department.
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- This is a queen from Japan of the Asian giant hornet.
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- We are not entirely positive what the threat will be.
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- We have to take all the precautions we can.
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V. Mandarinia have a lethal anatomy.
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It's the largest hornet in the world.
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The female worker hornets can grow to about an inch and a half long, and their queens can grow to two inches in length.
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Their faces are cartoonishly fierce, with large teardrop-shaped eyes, their orange and black stripes lead to broad wings that more so resemble a dragonfly than a bee.
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These hornets have large mouths shaped like a spiked shark fin, mouths that are able to decapitate victims.
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Humans can die from a series of stings from their long stingers.
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So long, in fact, the hornet's stinger can puncture through a standard beekeeping suit.
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Unlike the honey bee, which can only sting once, the hornet can sting multiple times.
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The sting has been described as a lot like having hot metal driven through the skin.
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- Every year there are people in Japan that are hospitalized from multiple stings, and some even die.
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The USDA estimates the hornets kill between 30 to 50 people a year in Japan.
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- If you are one of the people that is unlucky enough to stumble into a nest and get stung, that's (a), definitely going to hurt, if you're allergic, you could go into shock.
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But even if you're not allergic, the venom of the hornet attacks red blood cells and can lead to kidney failure and death.
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- The human health risks are real.
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The murder hornet moniker has created a lot of fear and hysteria, that's probably overblown.
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The so-called murder hornets are a big deal, but not because they're going to murder you.
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These insects should probably be more afraid of humans.
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In Japan, their nests are hunted for trophies.
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The hornets themselves are eaten fried or steamed, and even drowned in alcohol and served in soju.
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Consuming them is said to elicit a tingly warm sensation and increase virility.
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The real reason we should be scared of these giant hornets is because of their threat to our honey bee population.
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Through their pollination, honey bees contribute around 15 billion to the US economy per year, and these murder hornets have the capability to completely massacre them.
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So how does the Asian giant hornet attack honey bees?
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First, a worker hornet targets a honey bee colony, placing a pheromonal mark to signal to the other hornets.
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This mark isn't secret, the honey bees sense it too, hiding inside their hive for safety.
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Now these hornets are uniquely vicious because they attack in groups.
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They gang up on the colony, quickly decapitating the honey bees and eating their immature bees growing inside the beehive's wax cells.
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They take their remains and feed them to their own hornet larva.
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Japanese honey bees have actually evolved to develop a mechanism to fight back.
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If the Asian giant hornet arrives alone or in too few numbers, it's the honey bees who come out on top.
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As many as 400 bees will surround it, buzzing in a tight ball.
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This action increases the temperature to nearly 115 degrees Fahrenheit and raises the carbon dioxide level inside the hive, a harsh condition that honey bees can survive, but hornets cannot.
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Unfortunately, American honey bees don't have the ability to create a bee ball and kill hornets by frying them in 115 degree heat.
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With no defensive capability, they need our help.
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The US government, along with scientists and beekeepers, are already taking steps to eradicate the hornet before it takes root.
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They're setting up traps to locate them and prevent further spread, and in the future, they may re-release hornets with the radio frequency identification tags so the hornet can unknowingly reveal the location of its colony, which are typically hidden underground.
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In Asia, there are a lot of different ways they try to stop the hornets.
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Honey bee hives can be fitted with doors too small for the hornets to enter, and they might even resort to using tennis racquets to swat them.
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- We are basing our tracking program off of things that have been effective in Japan and Korea, where people have been living with this species for a very long time and there are robust public survey programs.
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-The way we eradicate them is locating the nest and then we will send out a team in our special protective hornet suits with an insecticidal dust and kill that localized nest.
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-As gruesome as that sounds, that's our goal, is to kill these off and keep them from establishing in Washington state.
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Hopefully, these proactive measures will stop the hornet before it takes hold in the hospitable climate of the Pacific Northwest and spread throughout the rest of the country.
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Hopefully, we can save our honey bees, which have already seen a 29–45% loss in hives since 2012.
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Bee populations are already threatened by deadly parasites, viral diseases, and exposures to pesticides in their food, and now murder hornets?
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Can't they catch a break?
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So if you hear more about murder hornets, remember that they're scary to humans because of their potential to annihilate our bees, not because they're necessarily going to murder us.
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- But on the grand scheme of risk to human health, it's low compared to all the other stuff we do every day.
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-I think if you look at mortality statistics, falling in your home is still far more risky and we don't report murder ladders to the Home Depot.
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Next week, unstable and lethal, everything you need to know about murder ladders in seven minutes.