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You know that the best way to prevent the spread of coronavirus is to wash your hands.
你知道預防冠狀病毒傳播最佳方式就是洗手。
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Wash your hands, doo doo, doo doo, doo doo.
洗手,doo doo,doo doo,doo doo。
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Wash your hands!
洗手!
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But … why?
但是...為什麼?
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It’s because soap — regular soap, fancy honeysuckle soap, artisan peppermint soap,
那是因為肥皂 - 一般的肥皂、昂貴的金銀花肥皂,手工薄荷肥皂
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just any soap — absolutely annihilates viruses like the coronavirus.
任何肥皂 - 可以完全地殲滅像冠狀病毒這樣的細菌。
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Here’s how.
具體方法如下。
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This is what a virus, like coronavirus, looks like.
這就是病毒,像冠狀病毒的樣子。
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It’s a bit of material surrounded by a coating of proteins — and fat.
它是被一層蛋白質和脂肪覆蓋的物質。
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Viruses easily stick to places like your hands, but when you rinse your hands with just water,
病毒很容易能夠沾附在像手一樣的地方,但是當你用水清洗雙手時
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it rushes right over the virus.
它沖過病毒。
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That’s because that layer of fat makes the virus behave kind of like a drop of oil.
那是因為脂肪層讓病毒表現的像油滴一樣。
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You can see it happening in this demonstration.
你能夠在這個示範當中看到它的發生。
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Oils are just liquid fats.
油就是液態脂肪。
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What happens when you pour oil into water?
將油倒入水當中會發生什麼事?
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It floats — it doesn’t mix.
它漂浮 - 它不會混合。
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But add soap…
但是加入肥皂...
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And suddenly that fatty oil dissolves into the water.
脂肪油迅速溶解在水裡。
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That’s because inside, soap has two-sided molecules.
那是因為肥皂裡有雙面分子。
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One end of the molecule is attracted to water, the other end to fat.
分子的一端被水吸引,另一端被油吸引。
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So when the soap molecules come in contact with water and fat, these dual attractions
因此當肥皂分子與水和油接觸時,這個雙重吸引力
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literally pull the fat apart, surrounding the oil particles and dispersing them through the water.
直接將脂肪拉開,圍繞在油粒周圍並藉由水將它們分散 。
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Let’s go back to our coronavirus molecule.
讓我們回到冠狀病毒分子。
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With that layer of fat holding everything together.
用那層脂肪將所有的東西聚在一起。
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When it interacts with soap … bam!
當和肥皂相互作用的時候...碰!
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The fat gets pulled out by the soap.
脂肪被肥皂抽出來。
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Soap literally pulls apart and demolishes these viruses.
肥皂直接扯開並摧毀這些病毒。
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And then the water rinses the harmless, leftover shards of virus down the drain.
接著水將那些無害、殘留的病毒沖到排水管裡。
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But, and you know where I'm going with this, it takes time for this effect to happen.
不過,你也知道接下來我要說什麼,這需要時間才能夠達到效果。
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20 seconds, to be specific.
正確來說,需要 20 秒。
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To show why, we ordered this lotion that mimics viruses and their fatty layers.
為了說明原因,我們訂購了這種模仿病毒及其脂肪層的乳液。
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It glows under a UV light.
它在紫外線下會發光。
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If you just rinse your hands under regular water … nothing comes off.
如果你只是用一般清水洗手...什麼都洗不掉。
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If you wash for just 5 seconds or 10 seconds, your hands are still covered.
如果你只洗 5 秒或是 10 秒鐘,你的手還是被覆蓋著。
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The virus is still here, able to get you and others sick.
病毒仍然存在,能夠讓你和其他人患病。
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But 20 full seconds:
不過如果是 20 秒:
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Now the soap is actually destroying the virus.
現在肥皂可以真正摧毀病毒。
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Hand sanitizer works too, because it’s mostly alcohol, and alcohol works in a somewhat similar
殺菌洗手液也同樣有效,因為它的成分主要是酒精,而酒精和肥皂的功用
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way to soap, breaking down that fatty layer.
有點類似,可以分解脂肪層。
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You need a high concentration of alcohol to make that work.
你需要高濃度酒精才能發揮作用。
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The CDC recommends hand sanitizers with at least 60% alcohol.
美國疾病控制與預防中心建議使用酒精成分至少有 60% 的殺菌洗手液。
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But even with 60% alcohol, the CDC recommends using soap if you can.
不過就算是有 60% 的酒精,美國疾病控制與預防中心仍建議你使用肥皂。
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If your hands are sweaty or dirty when you use the sanitizer, that can dilute it and
假使在使用殺菌洗手液的時候你的手出汗或有髒污,那會稀釋並
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diminish its effectiveness.
降低其有效性。
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As for soap, just any old soap works.
至於肥皂,任何舊肥皂都可以。
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You don’t need soap marketed as antibacterial, even.
你甚至不需要標榜抗菌的肥皂。
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The FDA says skip it — there’s no proof it is any more effective.
食品藥物管理局表示省略它 - 並沒有任何證據顯示它更有效。
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Just be sure to wash your hands.
只要確保有洗手。
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For 20 seconds.
整整 20 秒鐘。
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That’s “Happy Birthday” twice.
那是唱「生日快樂」歌兩次。
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Or the chorus to Lizzo’s “Truth Hurts.”
或是 Lizzo's 的「Truth Hurts」副歌。
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Or Prince.
或是 Prince。
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Or Eminem.
還是 Eminem。
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Or even Dolly.
甚至是 Dolly。
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Just as long as it’s 20 seconds.
只要有 20 秒鐘。
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And you’re using the ultimate virus annihilator: soap.
並同時使用最好的病毒殲滅器:肥皂。