程度副詞

Welcome to the first edition of CNN 10 in 2020, and a very happy new year to you.

歡迎收看 2020 年的第一期 CNN 10，並祝您新年快樂。

I'm Carl Azuz, and one new place you can find CNN 10 throughout this new year is on YouTube.

我是 Carl Azuz，今年又多了一個地方可以收看 CNN 10，那就是 YouTube。

You can subscribe to our official channel at youtube dot com slash CNN 10

你可以至 youtube.com/cnn10 訂閱我們的官方頻道。

All right, first topic this Monday, January 6th.

好的，第一條新聞發生在週一，也就是 1 月 6 日。

There's an international standoff happening right now between the United States and Iran, and no one knows what's going to happen next.

目前美國與伊朗間有一場國際僵局，沒人知道接下來會發生什麼。

Military action between the two countries has been taking place in Iraq, which forms part of Iran's western border.

兩國在伊拉克境內已展開多場軍事行動，此舉也使得伊朗開始堤防西邊部分邊界。

Militias that are supported by Iran have conducted a number of recent attacks on military bases in Iraq.

伊朗支持的民兵部隊，對位於伊拉克的數個軍事基地展開攻擊。

One of these assaults killed an American civilian contractor and wounded several members of the U.S. and Iraqi militaries on December 27th.

12 月 27 日，其中一場攻擊造成一名美國承包商喪命，與多名美國與伊拉克軍人受傷。

In response, the U.S. launched air strikes against the Iran supported militias, and on December 31st hundreds of protestors tried to storm the U.S. Embassy compound in the Iraqi capital of Baghdad.

作為回應，美國對民兵部隊展開空襲，而在 12 月 31 日，數百名抗議者試著入侵位於伊拉克首都巴格達的美國大使館。

They smashed windows and burned some areas, but no one was reported to be killed or seriously injured.

他們砸毀門窗、放火焚燒，但沒有出現嚴重傷亡。

U.S. officials said this attack was made by supporters and members of a group trained by Iran.

美國官員表示，這場攻擊是由支持者與伊朗訓練的團體所發起的。

And on January 3rd, the U.S. launched an air strike that killed Iranian General Qasem Soleimani along with several other people at Baghdad International Airport.

1 月 3 日時，美國再度發動空襲，於伊拉克巴格達國際機場殺死了伊朗將軍 Qasem Soleimani 與隨行的數名人員。

Soleimani was considered to be Iran's most influential military leader.

Soleimani 被認為是伊朗最有影響力的軍事領袖。

The U.S. blamed him for hundreds of deaths of Americans and U.S. allies, and President Donald Trump says he ordered the air strike against Soleimani because the Iranian commander was planning imminent and sinister attacks on Americans.

美國將數百位美國公民與同盟的死亡怪罪於他身上，而美國總統 Donald Trump 表示，他發動空襲，是因 Soleimani 當時正密謀對美國發動攻擊。

But critics have said Soleimani's death could further destabilize the Middle East, and Iran called the air strike an act of terrorism and promised to get revenge directly on American military sites.

但政論指出，Soleimani 的死亡將造成中東的動盪，伊朗當局也稱該空襲行動為一場恐怖行動，誓言對美軍基地報復。

Back-and-forth threats between the two countries have been made over the past few days.

過去幾天來，兩國間不斷對彼此作出威脅。

And while U.S. lawmakers have been debating whether Congress should have been notified about the attack against Soleimani, some leaders of other countries have been calling for calm in the Middle East and making preparations in case there isn't.

正當美國國會議員激烈討論，政府是否該提早知會國會對 Soleimani 的攻擊時，某些國家的領袖出面呼籲中東冷靜，並開始對潛在的動盪做準備，以防萬一。

Asymmetrical warfare refers to conflict between two countries with differing levels of military strength.

非對稱作戰指兩個有不同軍事力量的國家的戰爭。

Part of how Iran has risen to some degree of ascendance in the Middle East is its use of proxies - It's used of asymmetrical warfare.

伊朗在中東權勢上升的部分原因是他們的代理人。

Essentially not always being deliberately obviously to blame for acts that are carried out on its behalf.

好處是當代理人做了什麼事，國家不太會成為被怪罪的對象。

For example, asymmetrical warfare, you could call that the Iranian attack on Saudi oil fields in 2019.

舉例來說，2019 年伊朗對阿拉伯油田的攻擊事件，就是一種非對稱作戰。

They said that the Houthis, their allies in Yemen, were behind it, but the U.S. said it was Iranian technology fired from Iran.

他們稱葉門胡塞反抗軍為幕後主使，但美國說發動攻擊的飛彈是伊朗技術。

But still Iran was able to deny involvement.

This presidential candidate agitated for a strike by using inflammatory talk.

這名總統候選人激動性的談話煽動了罷工的發生。

They want to pin the blame on Iran in order to achieve something, and that is why I'm saying this is agitation for war.

他們把這事件怪罪在伊朗上面，以此來達成什麼，這就是為何我說這是煽動戰爭的行為。

Qasem Soleimani was really the master of that.

He was the man who occasionally appeared in social media, on the front line, and battlefields directing pro-Iranian militia to attack ISIS.

他偶爾會出現在社群媒體，在前線與戰場上，指揮著伊朗支持的民兵來團隊攻擊伊斯蘭國。

The same militia, too, that have assisted Iran's ally in Syria, the massacres.

同一群民兵也在敘利亞大屠殺時，協助了伊朗的同盟國。

The same militia, too, that have apparently also been Yemen assisting Iran's allies there, the Houthis.

也是同一群民兵，在葉門協助伊朗的同盟，葉門胡塞反抗軍。

Iran's grip has been successful because it had so many people relying on its aid, fighting on its behalf, confronting its adversaries without Iran necessarily having to put their flag in the dust themselves.

伊朗的控制一直都很成功，因為許多人仰賴這些民兵來打戰，如此與敵人交戰時，伊朗就不會有傷軍。

That has contributed to its, frankly, outsized reach across the Middle East and made so many of U.S. allies disproportionately fearful frankly for a country of its size and economy.

老實說，這導致了伊朗對中東的控制過大，使得美國同盟對如此規模的國家產生極大的恐懼。

Which of these nations is composed of six states and two territories?

下列哪個國家是由六個省與兩個領地所組成的？

澳洲、印度、馬來西亞，還是墨西哥？

Though all of these nations have states, only Australia has exactly six of them in addition to its territories.

雖然以上國家都有省，但只有澳洲除了領地外，剛好有六個省。

And four of those states have been effected by bushfires.

There are more than 200 of them burning in Australia, which is going through a drought and still has at least two hot summer months left before the season's over.

澳洲目前約有 200 場野火正在肆虐，因他們正經歷一場乾旱，且炎熱夏季還有兩個月才會結束。

One of the blazes covered 23 square miles over the weekend.

其中一場野火，在一個週末就侵噬了 23 平方英里。

That's bigger than the New York City borough of Manhattan.

據統計，23,000 平方英里的土地已經燒毀。

That's more than 14 and a half million acres.

Twenty-four people have been killed this fire season, and even where the flames themselves can't be seen, an ominous red sky hangs over the countryside.

已有 24 人因火季喪生，且就算看不到火焰，不祥的紅色天空也籠罩著澳洲。

These aren't the worst fires Australia has ever had.

但這還不是澳洲遭遇過最糟的野火。

Those struck in 2009, killing 173 people and injuring hundreds more.

最糟的野火發生在 2009 年，奪走 173 人的生命，也有數以百計的人受傷。

But what's happening now has led to the largest peacetime evacuation in Australian history.

現在的事件，也讓澳洲展開了歷史上最大規模的和平撤離。

An eerie glow hangs over Eden Harbor as residents walk through thick smoke in the middle of the day.

伊登港在天上掛著詭異的紅光，而居民在白天走過濃厚煙霧。

This is where they've come to seek refuge from what's now known as the Border Fire.

他們到此尋求庇護，遠離現在所稱的「邊境大火」。

That's swept from Victoria into New South Wales wiping out townships in its wake.

這大火一路從維多利亞州橫掃至新南威爾士州，造成極大傷害。

One of more than 200 blazes burning across southeastern Australia.

是肆虐澳洲東南部， 200 多場野火中的其中一個。

Unless a roaring monsoon comes through, I don't think anythings going to stop it really... so, you know, but houses can be rebuilt.

(無法辨識)...很難過，但房子再蓋就有。

You know that, preservation of life is the most important thing for everyone around here, so, that's what we're trying to do.

現在，對這邊所有的人而言，活命是最重要的。

Police have told residents to leave Eden on the far south coast because they cannot protect them.

警方已要求伊登南灣的居民撤離，因為他們無法提供保護。

Communities on the outskirts have already lost homes, but some are refusing to go.

許多郊區的人流離失所，但某些人仍拒絕離開。

Last night we made the decision to bring the kids down here.

昨晚，我們做了決定帶孩子來這裡。

這是能夠給他們最安全的地點。

Louise Warren and her family have decided to bunker down on her husband's fishing vessel and will ride out the fire front from sea if necessary.

Louise Warren 與她的家人決定遷至她丈夫的漁船，如果必要會駕船逃離火海。

Have you ever seen anything like this before?

Other families have moved onto tugboats while some are staying in their cars and caravans near the water.

許多人搬到拖船，也有人留在水源附近的車子或車屋。

We can't see the fire, but we can certainly smell it and feel it.

我們無法看到火焰本身，但絕對能嗅到、感覺到。

And even though it started raining these last couple of hours, this is not enough to put out the blaze.

即使數小時前這邊開始下雨，但仍不足以撲滅大火。

The fire is burning several kilometers in that direction across the bay, but the fear is stronger winds will push it closer and threaten the township of Eden.

沿著海灣，火焰從那個方向延燒好幾公里，但強風可能會讓火焰朝此處前進，對伊登造成威脅。

Up next, for more than 2,200 years, an underground army has been guarding the tomb of China's first emperor.

下一則新聞，超過 2,200 年，一支地底軍團守衛著中國第一個皇帝的墳墓。

The warriors are made of terracotta, a type of fired clay.

這些士兵是以赤陶土所做的，是一種燒製的陶土。

Experts estimate that it took 700,000 people working for 30 years to create the historical treasure.

專家估計，這需要 70 萬人工作 30 年，才能做出這樣的歷史寶藏。

And though it was first discovered in the 1970s, excavations continue at the site in Central China where 200 more Terracotta Warriors have just been located, and they're not all the same.

兵馬俑於 1970 年代第一次被發現，而在中國中部不斷進行的挖鑿行動，又發現了 200 多具兵馬俑，且它們形體樣貌皆不相同。

According to the Smithsonian, all of the clay figures that have been unearthed so far have different features and hairstyles.

根據史密森尼學會，目前所有出土的兵馬俑，都有不同的特徵與髮型。

Archeologists have discovered another 200 Terracotta Warriors and ancient weapons at the tomb of China's first emperor.

考古學家於中國初代皇帝的墓中，又找到 200 具兵馬俑，還有一些古老武器。

The team spent ten years on the excavation of this tomb.

It's the third excavation at the Mausoleum of emperor Qin Shi Huang who lived from 259 to 210 B.C.

秦始皇活於西元前 259 年至 210 年，而這是他的陵墓第三次被開鑿。

The number one pit is the only one among the nine large scale pits that has been excavated.

一號墓穴只是九個已被開鑿的大型墓穴中的其中一個而已。

It is shaped like a cross and is located in the center parts of the pits with two tomb passages each on the northern and southern sides, which signified the relatively senior military ranks of the warriors.

形狀為十字號狀，且位於墓穴群中的中心位置，有兩個墓穴通道，分別通向北邊與南邊，象徵了較為高階的軍官。

The newly found artifacts were arranged in a burial area, which was a sub-alternate tomb to the main mausoleum.

新發現的藝術品是在一個掩埋場找到的，一個主陵墓的次替代墓穴。

One of the most interesting finds is an ancient gold camel, which is believed to be the earliest one of its type found in China.

最新奇的發現是古代金駱駝，這是中國第一次發現此類文物。

The gold camel is a highlight as it was only found in west Asia in ancient times.

金駱駝很特別，因為以前只有在西亞古代才有。

And it is not something that belongs to the central plains of China.

且這不是什麼會在中國中央平原出現的東西。

The exchanges between these two countries are helpful.

So the discovery of the gold camel indicated early exchanges between China and West Asia.

因此，這金駱駝代表了以前中國與西亞的交流。

The first evidence of this extraordinary 2,000-year-old clay army was discovered by farmers digging a well back in 1974.

這些擁有 2000 年歷史的兵馬俑，是在 1974 年時，農夫們挖井時所第一次發現的。

The majority of the number one pit has not been excavated, measuring 230 meters by 62 meters with a depth of five meters.

一號墓穴還有許多部分尚未被開鑿，長 230 公尺，寬 62 公尺，深則為 5 公尺。

As an archeologist, I am fascinated by all ancient things.

身為一個考古學家，我對所有古老的東西都很有興趣。

Archeologists have estimated that there are more than 6,000 clay figurines and horses yet to be discovered.

考古學家估計，超過 6,000 具兵馬俑尚未被挖掘出。

Well, as it is our first show of 2020, we're going to leave you today with a look at how cities around the world rang in the New Year.

這是我們 2020 年的第一齣節目，最後帶大家來看看世界各地是如何跨年的。

You can clearly see that when it comes to pyrotechnics, "fire works," It "snaps" to attention, "crackles" with color, "pops" with pride, "sparks" new celebrations and act as an "Auld Lang Sign" of good times.

你可以清楚的看到煙火的技術。

Even if staying up late leaves some people "genuweary," they were sure to have 2020 vision when the woke up the next day.

就算熬夜讓人們給人們一個「疲憊一月」，他們醒來還是能迎接一個嶄新的 2020。

If you're watching from our homepage, the link to our new YouTube channel should be right under the show date.

如果你是從主頁觀看的，我們的新 YouTube 頻道連結就在日期下方。

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