There's a medical revolution happening all around us,

有項醫學上的變革正在我們身邊發生

and it's one that's going to help us conquer

some of society's most dreaded conditions,

that our bodies use to grow blood vessels.

So why should we care about blood vessels?

Well, the human body is literally packed with them:

因為，我們的身上到處都是血管

將一位標準體型的成人體內所有的血管

頭尾相連，能連成一條長度約十萬公里

The smallest blood vessels are called capillaries;

we've got 19 billion of them in our bodies.

Now the remarkable thing about blood vessels

to adapt to whatever environment they're growing in.

For example, in the liver they form channels

in the lung they line air sacs for gas exchange;

在肺臟裡則形成氣囊幫助氣體交換

in muscle they corkscrew so that muscles can contract

在肌肉中以如軟木塞開瓶器的形狀排列

這樣在肌肉收縮時，血液循環也不會中斷

and in nerves they course along like power lines,

成人身上的血管不會自發地生長

during pregnancy, they form the placenta,

懷孕時，子宮內膜將演變成胎盤

all growing toward the center of the wound.

the amount of blood vessels that are present at any given time.

身體藉著計畫完善精良的調控系統

and elegant system of checks and balances,

stimulators and inhibitors of angiogenesis,

such that, when we need a brief burst of blood vessels,

也就是說，若是在短時間內需要大量血管

the body can do this by releasing stimulators,

這是一種被稱為血管新生因子的蛋白質

and stimulate new blood vessels to sprout.

And when those excess vessels are no longer needed,

若是體內不再需要這樣過量的血管

身體就會藉著自然釋放的血管新生抑制因子

using naturally occurring inhibitors of angiogenesis.

Now there are other situations where we start beneath the baseline

而在其他需要比基準速度更低的血管新生

and we need to grow more blood vessels just to get back to normal levels --

的情況，這時我們就得讓血管生長回到正常值

But what we now know is that for a number of diseases,

但現在我們知道，就有些疾病而言

這個控制血管生長的系統有缺陷

where the body can't prune back extra blood vessels

For example, insufficient angiogenesis --

leads to wounds that don't heal, heart attacks,

legs without circulation, death from stroke,

足部血液循環不良、因為中風死亡

And on the other end, excessive angiogenesis --

too many blood vessels -- drives disease,

會讓體內有過多的血管，也會造成疾病

In total, there are more than 70 major diseases

affecting more than a billion people worldwide,

that all look on the surface to be different from one another,

the way that we actually approach these diseases

because angiogenesis is a hallmark of cancer,

This is a tumor: dark, gray, ominous mass

hundreds of these brown staining blood vessels,

數以百計如這樣被染成褐色的血管

capillaries that are feeding cancer cells,

【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。學這些英文用法：TED,血管,新生,癌症,腫瘤,治療,藥物,生長,食物,效果,飲食,血液,肥胖,老鼠,體重,測試,餵養,形成,癌細胞,研究,因子,組織,攝取,身體,化療,傷口,神經,有害,事實,刺激,脂肪,預防,存活,有效,情況,特徵,大豆,患者,影響,健康,獸醫,釋放,男性,循環,防禦,過量,雞尾酒,癒合,塗抹,番茄醬,肥料,降低,療程,草莓,增加,時間,番茄,養分,證據,嘴唇,子宮,能力,顯微鏡,使用,療法,品種,曲線,氧氣,醫生,保險,轉移,醫師,壽命,方法,供應,建議,足夠,控制,利用,幫助,試驗,醫學,飲料,成人,公司,掌聲,肌肉,協助,正確,受傷,表面,實驗室,回到,數量,物質,常見,實際,胎盤,數據,取得,有趣,問題,安樂死,鬥牛犬,相反,關節炎,甲狀腺,氣囊,演講,實驗,知識,速度,概念,加入,類固醇,乳房,胎兒,乳癌,大蒜,乳霜,血流,解剖,自然,發現,伯爵,認為,微血管,抑制...