In 1997, J.K. Rowling published "Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone".

1997年，J.K. 羅琳出版了《Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone》（《哈利波特：神秘的魔法石》，英國版魔法石為 Philosopher's Stone）。

But most of her audience didn't actually read that book.

但其實她大部分的讀者都沒有讀過這本書。

They read "Harry Potter and the Sorcerer's Stone".

他們讀的是《Harry Potter and the Sorcerer’s Stone》（《哈利波特：神秘的魔法石》，美國版魔法石為 Sorcerer's Stone）。

Or "Harry Potter A L'Ecole des Sorciers".

或是《Harry Potter A L'Ecole des Sorciers》（此為法文譯名）。

《Harry Potter va Sang-e Jadu》（此為印度文譯名）。

《Harry Potter y la Piedra Filosofal》（此為西班牙文譯名）。

The bewitching Harry Potter books have reached readers in over 200 territories in over 60 languages.

令人著迷的《哈利波特》已經被翻譯成超過 60 種語言，在 200 多個國家和地區獲得了眾多的讀者。

The authorized translations came from separate publishing houses with little oversight from the author.

在作者沒有親自監督的情況下，經授權的不同的出版社負責各語言的翻譯。

So translators were not only tasked with adapting the text from English into their target languages and cultures.

所以，譯者的任務不只是將英文改寫成目標語言和文化。

But also making assumptions about Rowling's intentions and translating the spirit of her approach.

他們還得猜測羅琳的意圖，並沿用她的手法翻譯出精隨。

Their task was particularly challenging because the Harry Potter series is filled with invented words, alliteration, wordplay, and British cultural references.

他們的任務極具挑戰性，因為《哈利波特》系列中充滿了新造詞、押頭韻、雙關語，以及英國特有文化典故。

The main characters first names: Harry, Hermione, and Ron mostly stayed the same across languages.

三個主角的名字：哈利、妙麗和榮恩，幾乎在各種語言的譯本中都維持一致。

With small changes to accommodate different alphabets and phonetics.

頂多是為了適應不同字母系統和語音系統而稍作調整。

That's easy enough for conventional names like Harry Potter.

像「哈利波特」這種很常見的名字是很容易處理的。

But many of the other proper names in the books carry loaded meanings — meanings that would be lost if it's not translated.

但這本書內許多其他姓名都隱含寓意，如果翻譯的不恰當，就無法詮釋那些意涵。

Take Severus Snape. The name invokes severity and sounds like "snake."

例如「Severus Snape（賽佛勒斯石內卜）」，這個名字有「嚴謹」之意並聽起來很像「snake（蛇）」。

So the Italian translator made the jump and named him Severus Piton —which is basically python.

所以義大利譯者大膽地將他改名為「Severus Piton」，基本上就是取自「python（巨蟒）」一字。

In French, he's Severus Rogue which means Severus "Arrogance". As you can tell, both solutions sacrificed Rowling's alliteration.

法文譯本中，他叫做「Severus Rogue」，「Severus」代表「驕傲」。很明顯，這兩個版本都犧牲了作者羅琳的押頭韻。

The name "Hogwarts" combines two English words, but because the name stayed the same in most languages, those connotations were lost for those readers.

「霍格華茲」其實是結合了兩個英文單字，但因為這個名字在大部分的譯本中保持原字，大部分讀者無從得知這個名字原本的寓意。

In an attempt to preserve Rowling's approach to the school's name, the French translator used "Poudlard".

翻譯魔法學院的名字時，為了保留羅琳的原來的寫作手法，法文譯者使用了「Poudlard」這個字。

"Pou du lard" means lice of bacon or fat.

「Pou du lard」意指燻肉或脂肪中的虱子。

The Hungarian version went with "Roxfort" a mix of the British university Oxford and Roquefort—a well known blue cheese.

匈牙利的譯本則是用「Roxfort」，它結合了英國牛津大學（Oxford）和知名藍紋乳酪羅克福（Roquefort）。

The house names and founders, also experienced unique changes in some of the target languages.

魔法學院的名字和創辦人，在某些目標語言中也採用了獨特的方式改寫。

In Catalan the names became: Nícanor Griffindor, Sírpentin Slytherin, Mari Pau Ravenclaw, and Horténsia Hufflepuff.

翻譯成加泰隆語的名字變成：「Nícanor Griffindor、Sírpentin Slytherin、Mari Pau Ravenclaw、Horténsia Hufflepuff」。

There is a ton of word play that happens in the Harry Potter books as well.

在《哈利波特》系列書籍內也有一大堆雙關語。

The famous Diagon Alley, a play on the word "diagonally", and the infamous Knockturn Alley from " nocturnally ".

著名的「Diagon Alley（斜角巷）」源自於「diagonally（對角的）」，而臭名昭彰的「Knockturn Alley（夜行巷）」則源自於「nocturnally（夜晚的）」

This type of pun is a real puzzle for translators, and most dropped it in favor of literal translations.

這種雙關語對譯者來說是一大難題，大部分譯者選擇直譯，捨棄掉雙關語。

The Spanish translator was able to at least rhyme with “"allejón diagon."

西文譯者至少保留了「callejón diagon（斜角巷）」的押韻。

And translators had several approaches to quidditch, an invented game made from the invented words quaffle, bludger, and snitch.

譯者對於處理「魁地奇」一字則採取不同的手法，「魁地奇」這個比賽是從以下新造字而來－「Quaffle（快浮）、Bludger（搏格）、Snitch（金探子）」。

In Spanish, the words were not changed. The French translator kept the word quidditch but changed the names of the balls.

在西文譯本中，這幾個字都保持原樣。法文譯者也保留了「魁地奇」，但改變了球的名稱。

And others changed the game's name altogether.

其他的譯者則是直接將比賽的名稱改譯。

荷蘭文中，「魁地奇」變成「Zwerkbal」。

OWLS and NEWTS, standardized tests in the wizarding world, weren't always able to retain their animal acronyms.

魔法世界中的兩種標準測驗：普通巫術等級測驗（OWLS）和超級疲勞轟炸巫術測驗（NEWTS），在許多譯本中無法保留原本的動物縮寫。

But in Swedish their implied meanings remained while the wording was changed.

但在瑞典話中，雖然字改變了，意思卻得以保留。

OWLs became "Grund Examen i Trollkonst" or G.E.T meaning goat in Swedish.

普通巫術等級測驗（OWLS）變成「Grund Examen i Trollkonst」或「G.E.T」，在瑞典語是山羊的意思。

And NEWTs were changed to "Fruktansvärt Utmattande Trollkarls Test" or F.U.T.T. derived from "futtig" meaning measly or mean.

超級疲勞轟炸巫術測驗（NEWTS）則被翻為「Fruktansvärt Utmattande Trollkarls Test」或「F.U.T.T.」，參考「futtig」這個字，意思是「差強人意」或是「拙劣的」。

The infamous anagram of Tom Marvolo Riddle's name was altered by many translators to achieve the same revelation of "I Am Lord Voldemort."

聲名狼藉的「佛地魔（湯姆·魔佛羅·瑞斗）」的名字其實是易位構詞，為了貼近原本的意涵「我是佛地魔」，許多譯者改變了他的名字。

In Danish, Tom is named Romeo G. Detlev Jr.

丹麥文中，湯姆被改為「Romeo G. Detlev Jr.（丹麥文原文：Jeg er Voldemort，「我是佛地魔」的意思）」。

And in French, he is Tom Elvis Jedusor, which was extra clever because "Jeu du sort" means "fate riddle".

法文則是「Tom Elvis Jedusor（法文原文：Je suis Voldemort，「我是佛地魔」的意思）」，非常聰明的做法，因為「Jeu du sort」意為「命運謎題」。

Culturally, the Harry Potter series is unmistakably British but translating that for a global group of readers wasn't easy.

從文化層面來看，《哈利波特》系列是淺顯易懂的英國文化，但是翻譯給全球的讀者看並不是一件簡單的事。

Some food items were changed to make them seem less foreign to the target country.

有些食物為了要更加貼近目標文化，被改成不同的食物。

Sherbet lemons, a popular candy item in Britain, became "krembo", a chocolate covered sweet from Israel.

「檸檬雪寶」是英國很受歡迎的糖果，在以色列被改成「krembo」，是一種覆蓋著巧克力的以色列糖果。

Crisps became chips in the US and in the Arabic version, bacon became eggs.

英國的洋芋片叫做「crisps」，在美國就變成「chips」，而在阿語版本中，「培根」變成了「雞蛋」。

Sometimes a foreign setting undergoes translation too.

有時候不同的環境也需要特別地翻譯。

For the Ukrainian translation, the atmosphere of an English boarding school was swapped out for an orphanage.

烏克蘭的譯文中，英格蘭寄宿學校氛圍被孤兒院氛圍取代。

In the books and films, Hagrid has a provincial west country accent.

在小說和電影內，海格有英國西部鄉下的口音。

"No? Blimey Harry, didn't you ever wonder where your mum and dad learned it all?"

「沒有？天呀，哈利，你沒想過你爸媽怎麼學會的？」

「哈利，你就是一個巫師呀！」

For the Japanese translations, it was replicated by using Tōhoku dialect, which is a pastoral accent from northeastern Japan.

日文的翻譯中，則是用東北方言詮釋，東北方言（Tōhoku dialect）是日本東北方的鄉下口音。

Other translators chose to have Hagrid simply speak more informally, while others dropped his accent entirely.

有些譯者選擇賦予海格較不正式的說話語氣，有些則完全捨棄他的口音。

Despite translators' best efforts to remain true to the text, some things were still lost in translation.

儘管譯者盡量地忠於原文，但有些地方難免還是會失去原意。

In the mainland Chinese editions of Harry Potter, there were footnotes to explain puns and cultural references.

《哈利波特》的簡中版使用了許多註腳來解釋雙關語和文化典故。

The Spanish translator sometimes used italics to signal an invented word with no translation.

西文譯者有時候會用斜體字來提醒讀者這是一個沒有翻譯的新造詞。

But in the end, it doesn't matter if you're reading "Harry Potter and Philosopher's Stone" or the many translations of it.

但是最後，不論你是在讀《哈利波特：神秘的魔法石》（英國版）或是其他的翻譯版本。

One thing that always seems to translate is the love fans around the world share for tales of "The Boy Who Lived."

唯一沒有語言隔閡的就是全球粉絲熱愛的「那個活下來的男孩」（意指哈利波特）的故事。

本影片中探討並說明了《哈利波特》第一集在各國翻譯或在地化(localization)時所遇到的困難，以及採取的因應措施學這些英文用法：Vox,譯者,翻譯,哈利波特,法文,名字,語言,羅琳,巫術,測驗,西文,讀者,文化,英國,雙關語,保留,哈利,口音,魔法,神秘,鄉下,作者,台灣,方言,以色列,轟炸,名聲,疲勞,目標,學院,名稱,湯姆,糖果,元素,變成,出版社,瑞典語,意指,霍格華茲,姓名,乳酪,版本,比賽,叫做,妙麗,普通,代表,孤兒院,榮恩,西班牙文,洋芋片,球賽,使用,世界,日文,食物,押韻,牛津,活下來,國家,處理,謎題,培根,授權,惡夢,出版,改變,語音,巫師,忠實,檸檬,國外,盡力,轉換,意圖,監督,氣氛,特別,字母,層面,文字,烏克蘭,小說,驕傲,融合,寫作,雞蛋,猜測,命運,覆蓋,巧克力,參考,主角,提醒,學會,中國,結合,聰明,常見,獨特,男孩,學校,大學,粉絲,動物,採取,精神,任務,環境,日本,表現,地區,明顯,解釋,電影,簡單,故事,美國,試圖,選擇,含意,原文,魁地奇,佛地魔,譯文,海格,英國版,丹麥文,羅克福,押頭韻,斜角巷,原樣,魔法石,手法,中譯,意思...