Our Earth is a collection of puzzle pieces that make up the universe.

我們的地球是構成宇宙的拼圖零片大集合

基礎被動語態

and create all the puzzle pieces that we know today

製造出這些拼圖零片，就是我們現今所知的

For centuries, humans have tried to discover

環繞他們的世界是由什麼組成的

Little did they know that all the pieces they needed

只是他們不知道他們所需的零片

The discovery of these pieces revolutionized

and allowed for the creation of what might be

並且使得這項對科學最偉大的禮物

and how do we find a means to order them?

ancient civilizations were very much aware

but they did not identify them as the pieces of our universe.

但他們不把這些看成是我們宇宙的組成分

and were used for multiple purposes like jewelry and tools.

並拿來做多種用途，像是珠寶首飾或工具

Why were these elements spotted so easily?

為什麼這些元素很容易被找到？

are generally the easiest to find and place

because they stand out with their smooth edges,

因為他們平滑的邊緣使他們突出

and clearly don&#39;t interlock with other puzzle pieces.

而且很明顯不會與其他拼圖零片互鎖

Like puzzle pieces, elements can be choosy on who they interact with.

就像拼圖零片，元素對要與誰交互作用很挑剔

The elements that do not interact with other elements are easy to pin-point,

這些不與其他元素作用的元素很容易被指出來

while the ones who like to interact with others are difficult to find.

而那些喜歡與其他元素作用的就很難被找到

Gold, silver, and copper are some of the choosier elements

金、銀及銅是屬於那些很挑的元素

So let&#39;s fast forward to the late 1600&#39;s

所以讓我們把時間快轉到十七世紀末

就像與他同期的其他鍊金術士一樣

Brand was trying to extract gold from the human body.

布蘭德試著要把金從人體內萃取出來

Brand hit upon what he thought was the most obvious answer to his problem:

布蘭德偶然發現到這個問題最明顯的答案：

Urine is gold in coloration and could perhaps have gold in it.

尿液是金色的，所以可能會有金子在裡面

So, Brand collected as much urine as he possibly could,

所以，布蘭德盡可能的收集了許多尿液

then he decided to boil it down in hopes of obtaining gold.

然後他決定要把它煮光希望能獲取金塊

所以布蘭德煮了，嗯，自己的尿

and heated the paste to a very high temperature.

然後再把這團糊狀物加熱到非常高的溫度

and the material burned brightly and violently.

Brand had unknowingly isolated phosphorous from his urine.

布蘭德在不知情的狀態下從他的尿液中分離出磷

It was the first time anyone had discovered an element,

but he didn&#39;t really understand what he had done.

At the time of Brand, the concept of element had not been discovered.

在布蘭德的時代 ，元素這個概念還沒被發現

Instead ancient Greek principles of objects being composed of

It wasn&#39;t until the work of Antoine Lavoisier,

who is now known as the father of chemistry,

that science defined what an element was.

研究才使得科學界定義什麼是元素

Lavoisier defined an element as a substance

that cannot be broken down by existing chemical means.

Lavoisier created a list of the known elements of his time

拉瓦節創造了一個當時已知元素的清單

and tried to put the elements in some sort of order

並試著把這些元素排出某種序列

He was the first one to try to put the puzzle together.

他是第一個試著把這塊拼圖拼起來的人

to organize the known elements of his time.

Many other chemists then came along to make the puzzle clearer.

後來其他化學家也跟著要把這塊拼圖弄得更清楚

One of them, John Dalton, weighed the elements

其中之一即為約翰·道耳吞，他把元素秤重

German chemist Wolfgang Döbereiner later combined elements

德國化學家德貝萊納後來則把元素配對

to see how they reacted with one another.

What he found was that certain elements shared similar properties and reactions.

他發現到某些元素的性質及反應非常相似

For example, when pure lithium, sodium, and potassium

and skid across the surface of the water with sparks.

The scientists then realized that these similiarities

elements belong to families that share similar properties.

元素是有家族的，而同族的擁有相似的性質

But the chemist who finally put the puzzle together  is Dmitri Mendeleev.

但是最終將此拼圖完成的化學家為門得列夫

He created cards of each known element and tried to order them

他為每一個元素創造了一張卡片，並試著排列

based on atomic weight and their known properties.

The story is that he stayed up 3 days and 3 nights,

and he dreamed about a table to order the elements.

然後他夢到一張排列元素的表！

Mendeleev was not only able to create the periodic table,

but he was able to predict elements that were not yet discovered.

還預測了某些當時尚未發現的元素

The puzzle of the periodic table of the elements was solved.

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