But isn't it un-American and wrong to discriminate against people based on their religion?

因為信仰歧視別人 難道不違反美國價值？這不對吧？

I mean, these people, they did not come from Sweden

我的意思是 這些人 他們可不是來自瑞典

Look at what happened last week in California,

with...with, you know, fourteen people dead.

until you find out what's the root cause.

這（禁止穆斯林入境）只是暫時的

I've had so many people call me and say thank you.

Now, if you remember, when I did that a week ago

如果你記得的話 一個禮拜前 我說那番話時

The people that are friends of mine that called,

"Donald, you've done us a tremendous service,

「川普, 你真是幫了我們大忙」

-and we have to find out what is the-- -those might have been prank calls

-那些電話搞不好只是惡作劇   不是 不是

One of the things I find fascinating about Donald Trump

differently than other candidates for political office,

especially president of the United States

尤其和其他總統候選人差異極大

Whereas his opponents and the political class in general seem hyper-aware that

川普的對手和一般政治菁英非常謹慎

their words would be picked apart and used against them

他們的話語可能被斷章取義、放大檢視

As a lifelong salesman, he has a huckster's knack for selling a feeling

生意人出身 他有著強迫促銷的天份  訴諸情感

even if the ideas and facts that underscore it are spurious, racist or just plain incomprehensible

就算這些想法事實謬誤百出、充滿歧視 令人摸不著頭緒

so I thought it would be illuminating to look at a Trump answer to a simple question

因此 仔細觀察川普如何回答這問題 有助於釐清一些事實

In this case Jimmy Kimmel asking Trump whether or not it’s wrong to discriminate against people based on their religion

在脫口秀節目上 主持人吉米訪問川普 因信仰歧視別人是否不對？

referring to Trump’s proposal to temporarily ban all Muslims from entering the United States

因為川普先前提議要暫禁穆斯林入境美國

This 220 word, exactly 1 minute answer displays

從這220字、一分鐘長的回答 看得出來

I think, a range of the things that Trump uses all the time in his speech

The first thing to know is how simple this language is

Of the 220 words, 172, or 78%, are only one syllable

220字裡 172個字只有一個音節 佔78%

and often they come in a rhythmic series like a volley of jabs ending with one of his buzz words

這些字帶有節奏 連珠砲似一連串的攻擊 以他特有的口頭禪結尾

only 4 words have 3 syllables, 3 of which are the word tremendous, tremendous, tremendous

三個音節的字只有4個 其中有三個是tremendous（嚴重）

California, which he’s forced to use because it has less syllables than San Bernardino

像是California（加州） 他不得不說這字 因為比San Bernardino（聖貝納迪諾槍擊案）音節少

另一個字是temporary（暫時）他快速帶過

and it’s temporary, I’ve had so many people

this breakdown fits with the study done by the Boston Globe

這樣拆解與波士頓全球報的研究不謀而合

that put all 2016 presidential candidates’ announcement speeches

此報告列出2016所有總統參選人的參選演講

through the Flesch-Kincaid readability test to determine their respective grade level rankings

以Flesch-Kincaid適讀性公式分析  得出相對應的年級程度

Donald Trump’s speech came out at the 4th grade reading level

川普的演說 約略是四年級的程度

Now for reference, Ben Carson came out at 6th grade

Hillary Clinton and Jeb Bush were speaking at an 8th grade reading level

希拉蕊和傑布．布希同樣是8年級程度

and Bernie Sanders was a way up in high school, a sophomore, to be exact

而桑德斯則高得多 更精確地說 是高二的程度

Now this isn’t only down to word or syllable choice

不過  語言牽涉的不只是字或音節

we have a real problem, there is a tremendous hatred out there

像是「我們遭遇到很嚴重的問題」「仇恨問題很嚴重」

Rarely does he use complex sentences or independent clauses

He also favors the second person a lot of the time, addressing listeners directly with commands

他也愛用第二人稱 直接用命令句

Look at Paris, Look at what happened in Paris, Look at what happened in Paris, Look at what happened last week in California

「看看巴黎」「看看巴黎恐攻」「看看巴黎恐攻」「看看上禮拜加州發生什麼事」

Or implicating us in what he’s saying as if we’ve already agreed

或者暗示我們  仿若我們早同意他所說的一切

and you watch last night, and you see people talking

He’s really good at this, at framing negative response as an over-reaction that was subsequently realized as such

他深諳此道 將負面質疑包裝成反應過度

if you remember, when I did that a week ago it was like bedlam.

像是「如果你記得的話 一個禮拜前 我說那番話時 大家亂糟糟吵成一團」

All of a sudden – and you watch last, and you see people talking.

「突然間- 昨晚你看, 大家開始在說...」

They said, “Well Trump has a point. We have to get down to the problem."

「他們說 『川普說的有理  我們一定要找出問題來』」

Maybe the most important technique Trump utilizes and he does this more than anyone I’ve ever heard

或許 川普最厲害的一招在於  每句話結尾的字

is ending his sentences with strong punchy words.

總是鏗鏘有力  而且他是我看過使用最多次這招的人

A lot of times he’ll rearrange the beginning of a sentence awkwardly, so that he can end strong.

他經常調換句子順序 雖然有點怪 卻讓句子能有個有力的結尾

For example, here, it would probably be more natural to say

舉例來說 這句話或許這麼說比較自然

you can’t solve a problem until you find out what the root cause is

you can’t solve a problem until you find out what the root cause is（想解決問題 要先找出背後原因）

but he brings the is forward to end on root cause

and it looks like he was going to about the same in the end before Kimmel cuts him off

他原本也打算在這句這麼做 卻被主持人吉米打斷

這些結尾的字 對川普來說極為重要

They’re pointed and taken together sketch the theme of the entire answer

harm, dead, die, badly injured, problem, root cause

harm（傷害）dead（死掉） die（死)  badly injured(傷重)  problem（問題） root cause（原因）

thank you, bedlam, point, problem, service, problem

thank you（感謝） bedlam（一團亂） point（有理） problem（問題） service（幫了忙） problem（問題）

In some sense, it’s these words that audiences remember

在某種程度上  觀眾會記得這些字

especially when the rest of the speech is incoherent

Like the best salesman, Trump keeps it simple, he repeats a lot

川普像個萬能銷售員 力求簡單、再三重複

we have a real problem, what is the problem

「我們遭遇到很嚴重的問題」「找出問題」

we do have a problem, we have to get down to the problem

「我們真的遇到問題」「我們一定要找出問題來」

【看影片學英語】數萬部 YouTube 影片，搭配英漢字典即點即查，輕鬆掌握單字發音與用法，長久累積看電影不必再看字幕。學這些英文用法：川普,問題,音節,巴黎,嚴重,結尾,看看,禮拜,語言,吉米,句子,加州,仔細,聽好,內容,死掉,穆斯林,演說,仇恨,遇到,頻道,哲學,影片,信仰,主持人,候選人,簡單,幫幫忙,謬誤,子句,觀察,原因,攻擊,回答,電話,電視,總統,槍擊案,風趣,美國,政治,trump,銷售員,希拉蕊,重要,桑德斯,布希,參選,任天堂,公式,打斷,話語,脫口秀,高手,人稱,解決,提議,賣給,打給,列出,瑞典,等不及,檢視,波士頓,朋友,誇張,強迫,總結,放大,暗示,事實,負面,節奏,言論,動畫,使用,對象,聽聽,身為,禁止,銷售,幫忙,訪問,情感,對手,公民,推出,精彩,習慣,小小,厲害,分析,點擊,收看,演講,看過,報告,作品,打算,聰明,人物,產品,獨立,觀眾,自然,快速,價值,反應,解釋,美元,電影,巨大,直接,訂閱,研究,帶來,觀看,比較,想法,特別,有趣,繼續,國家,有理,程度,吵成,亂糟糟,有力,禮拜三,口頭禪,暫時,入境,打電話,惡作劇,捐款...