And that's Johnny Depp's famous shoulder tattoo.

你們有些人可能知道，戴普在1990年,

and he had tattooed on his right shoulder

which in fairness, kind of is forever by Hollywood standards --

從好萊塢的標準來說應該算得上是「 永遠 」--

and Johnny went and got a little bit of repair work done.

And now his shoulder says, "Wino forever."

現在他肩上說的是 「 永遠的酒鬼 」。

年齡在16到50歲間的美國人一樣,

I first started thinking about getting it in my mid-20s,

我第一次想去弄一個紋身是在我25歲左右,

but I deliberately waited a really long time.

who have gotten tattoos when they were 17

and regretted it by the time they were 30.

並且對此都在自己30歲前就後悔。

I mean that I stepped outside of the tattoo place --

and I had a massive emotional meltdown in broad daylight

大白天就歇斯底理、徹底崩潰了,

on the corner of East Broadway and Canal Street.

就在東百老匯和運河街相交的轉角 。

Which is a great place to do it because nobody cares.

那真是個做這事的好地方，因為沒人理你 。

And then I went home that night, and I had an even larger emotional meltdown,

那晚回到家，再一次更加嚴重的情感崩潰,

And this was all actually quite shocking to me,

那次的事真的是把我自己嚇到了,

But I had always felt like, look, you know,

It somehow got me to where I am in life right now.

In other words, I had drunk our great cultural Kool-Aid about regret,

換句話說, 我已經是我們文化中關於後悔教導的狂信者,

which is that lamenting things that occurred in the past

that we should always look forward and not backward,

and that one of the noblest and best things we can do

is strive to live a life free of regrets.

This idea is nicely captured by this quote:

以下的引用句非常恰當的描述這個道理:

And it seems like kind of an admirable philosophy at first --

一開始這看起來的確是很令人深省的哲理--

something we might all agree to sign onto ...

basically telling her husband to stop being such a wuss

說這句話只不過是用來勸麥克白不要像個膽小鬼,

And as it happens, Shakespeare was onto something here,

Because the inability to experience regret

is actually one of the diagnostic characteristics

It's also, by the way, a characteristic of certain kinds of brain damage.

同時這也是大腦某部份損傷的特徵。

in the face of even obviously very poor decisions.

So if, in fact, you want to live a life free of regret,

所以, 如果你不想過充滿後悔的生活,

I think you need to learn to live, not without regret, but with it.

我想你要學的是怎樣在後悔中生存, 而非是擺脫它。

So let's start off by defining some terms.

接下來讓我們開始先給一些專屬名詞定義吧 。

if we had done something different in the past.

So in other words, regret requires two things.

那麼後悔是需要兩個前提條件的。

It requires, first of all, agency -- we had to make a decision in the first place.

首先它是需要一個媒介--你必須在之前做一個決定。

And second of all, it requires imagination.

We need to be able to imagine going back and making a different choice,

我們要能想像我們回到過去並且做了不同的決定,

and then we need to be able to kind of spool this imaginary record forward

接下來我們要把這段想像稍微前移一點

and imagine how things would be playing out in our present.

並想像一下現在事情會變成怎麼 。

And in fact, the more we have of either of these things --

只要我們這兩個條件中的一個越多--

就是, 越多的媒介或者越多的想像

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