現在進行式

Hi. I'm Jade. What we're talking about today is word stress in English. What's word stress?

Hi，我是Jade，我們今天要討論英文單字的重音。單字的重音是什麼呢？

情態助動詞 A2

Well, it's part of the rhythm of English, and it's what can help your English sound

這是英語抑揚頓挫的一部份，可以讓你說的英語聽起來更自然。

形容詞比較級

much more natural. So we'll be looking at that. But more specifically, we'll be learning

所以我們來看看吧。具體來說，我們要學一些重音規則，

some rules for word stress because you might understand it in principle, "Yeah some parts

有些你可能已經知道了。「對，有時候這些字母是重音，

of the word are stressed, and some bits aren't." But how do you actually apply that? And that's

有時候不是」。但要如何實際應用呢？

what you're going to learn today. So we'll start by looking at an interesting

這就是我們今天要學的。我們從幾個有趣的句子開始：

sentence, "We must POLISH the POLISH furniture." "Polish" is an action, verb, for cleaning

「我們必須擦亮這些波蘭家具。」「polish」是動詞，指清潔的動作

So something, making it shiny; and "Polish" is an adjective for furniture from Poland.

就是讓東西發亮，而「波蘭的-polish」是形容詞，這裡是「波蘭的」家具。

So although they're the same spelling, they have different sounds, and that's because of word

所以儘管它們拼法一樣，唸起來卻不一樣，就是因為重音的關係。

stress. And we'll look at those words. So just make a note of it. That's the verb, and

我們來看看這些單字，請做筆記：這是動詞，

that's the adjective. And we're going to -- we're now going to look at where to put the stress.

那是形容詞。然後... 來看重音該放在哪裡。

So the general rule for two-syllable words is: the noun or adjective, the stress is on

兩個音節單字通則是：名詞或形容詞的重音

the first syllable. The noun or adjective, the stress is on the first syllable. And that's

會放在第一個音節。名詞或形容詞的重音放在第一個音節。

how you show word stress. The stress is the circle, and the unstress is a line. It's above

重音表示的方式；畫圓圈的地方是重音，畫直線的地方不是。在上面...

the -- it's probably not something you can see right now. I've just realized. So I'll

我突然想到，你大概沒辦法馬上看到這個。

do it like that. You can see now. What about this one, the verb? The verb is the second

所以我改成這樣。你現在看到了。那這個呢，動詞？兩個音節的動詞，重音放在第二音節。

syllable. So unstress; stress for the second syllable.

所以這裡不是，重音在第二音節。

Let's have a look at some sentences with the word stress rules. So in these sentences,

我們來看一些有重音規則的句子。在這些句子裡，

I've got examples where we've got a noun in a sentence and a verb with a similar meaning

我會用名詞先造一個例句，再把意思相近的動詞

in a different sentence. So you will hear a little bit of a different pronunciation.

放在另外一句，所以你會聽到發音有點不一樣。

Perhaps quite a subtle difference in pronunciation, but the stress is in a different place. So

發音的差別可能不明顯，但重音的位置不同。

I'm going to show you that. So in this sentence, "decrease" is in the

我會示範給你看。這一句，「減少-decrease」是名詞。

noun form. So looking at our rule, where is the stress here? On the first syllable. We

所以看我們的規則，重音要放在哪裡？放在第一個音節。我們標記

show the stress by the circle and the unstress by the line. And what about this one? "Decreased"

圓圈代表重音位置，直線代表不是重音的位置。那這個呢？「被減少的-decreased」

is in the verb position, so we swap; we stress the second syllable. Now, I'll read them to

是在動詞的位置，所以把它們對調；重音放在第二音節，現在我唸給你們聽：

you. "There has been a DEcrease in wages. Wages deCREASED last year."

「薪水有調降(DEcrease )。去年薪水減少(deCREASED)了。」

Let's take a look at the second one. "Present" here, is a noun because we've got "a" there,

我們來看第二句。這個字「禮物-present」是名詞，因為這裡有不定冠詞「a」

"a lovely present". So, again, we put the stress here. And here is the verb. So we do

「一份美好的禮物-a lovely present」，所以一樣，把重音放這邊，然後這裡是動詞，

that pattern again. Now, I'll read them to you. "Tom bought me a lovely PREsent." Second

所以我們再做一次。現在，我唸給你們聽，「Tom買給我一份美好的禮物」，第二個例子：

example, "We now preSENT the star of the show." Let's take a look at this third example here.

「我們現在介紹這場表演的主角。」我們來看第三個例句，

"Permit" -- "permit" in this sense, "You need a PERmit to park here" is saying -- in England,

「准許文件-permit」，在這個句子裡：「你要有許可文件(PERmit )才可以在這停車，」指的是，

you need a little piece of paper from the government to say that you can park in some

你在英國的某些地方要停車的話，需要政府核發的文件。

places. So it means you are allowed to park there. And it's similar to the verb, which

這代表你得到在那裡停車的許可。跟動詞很類似，

means "to allow". So "PERmit" here is a noun. Because it's a noun, we're going to stress

意思是「准許-to allow」。這邊的"permit"是名詞，因此，重音放在

the first syllable. And here, "perMIT" is in the verb form, so we're going to change

第一個音節，而「permit」是動詞，所以重音位置改變。

it. We're going to do it like that. And I'll read those to you now. "You need a PERmit

我們會這樣做。我唸給你們聽：「你要有許可文件(PERmit)才可以在這停車」

to park here." Compare that to, "The school doesn't perMIT students to wear trainers."

跟這個比較：「那間學校不允許(perMIT)學生穿運動鞋」

So it's not "per" anymore; it's "pe", "pe-MIT". When we come back, we're going to look at

所以它不唸「per」，是「pe」，「pe-MIT」。等等回來的時候，我們要看

some other general rules and important things to know about word stress.

Are you ready for more word stress rules? Well, first of all, we've got some exceptions.

你準備好學習更多重音規則了嗎？首先，例外有很多。

In the case of exceptions, the pronunciation is the same for the verb, the adjective, and

在這些例外中，單字的動詞、形容詞，甚至如果它有名詞的話，發音都一樣。

the noun if they have one. Let's have a look. "He PHOTOgraphed the whole

我們看例句：「他為全家人拍照(PHOTOgraphed)。」

family." "She looks pretty in the PHOTOgraph." It's the same, okay? The stress is in the

「她在照片(PHOTOgraph)中看起來很漂亮。」聽起來一樣，對吧?重音位置相同，

same position, at the beginning of the word. Should do a circle.

Next example, "I PRACtise singing every day." "The dentist surgery is a private PRACtice."

下個例子：「我每天(PRACtise)練習唱歌。」「牙醫手術是一種個人專業(PRACtise)。」

Again, the stress is in the same place, in the beginning in both instances. Here, "practice"

跟剛剛一樣，重音位置相同，都在第一個音節，這邊的「practice」是名詞，

is a noun; here it's the verb. And our next example, "Sarah TRAvels business

這邊的「practice」是動詞。下個例子：「Sarah搭商務艙。」

class." And, "Where did you go for your TRAvels?" The stress is in the same place: TRAvels,

還有「你都去哪裡旅行？」重音位置一樣：TRAvels

TRAvels, TRAvels -- In the beginning of the word.

And let's look now at when the noun and the verb have different meanings. In these other

我們來看單字的名詞和動詞意思不同的狀況。其它例子裡，

examples, they have related meanings. In these examples, although they're the same word,

它們的意思相近；在這些例子裡，雖然它們是同一個字，

they have different pronunciations and different meanings, so let's look at that. And the pronunciation

可是發音和意思都不一樣，所以我們來看看。這些例子的發音不同

difference is quite obvious in these examples. So "reFUSE" as a verb means "to say 'no'"

也很明顯。「Refuse」當動詞用代表「拒絕」某事，

about something. But "REFuse" is a formal British word for "garbage", or "rubbish" -- we

但「refuse」當名詞時，在英式英語是一種正式的用法，意思是「垃圾」或「廢棄物」。

say informally in English. So here's a sentence, "Residents refUSED plans for new REFuse bins."

我們平常用的英語都比較口語。例句：「居民們拒絕新垃圾桶的計畫。」

There's the verb; there's the noun. "Residents refUSED plans for new REFuse bins."

這是動詞，這是名詞。「居民們拒絕新垃圾桶的計畫。」

Next example, "obJECT" to something means "to disagree" about something. It's quite

下個例子，「object to something」代表「反對某事」，是一個蠻正式的單字。

a formal word. And another meaning for "OBject" is "thing". Let's look at it in a sentence.

「Object」另一個意思是「物品」。我們來看例句：

"I obJECT to that disgusting OBject. I obJECT to that disgusting OBject." Our stress here

「我反對(obJECT)這個噁心的東西(OBject)。我反對這個噁心的東西。」

for the verb; and our stress at the beginning for the noun.

動詞的重音在這裡；名詞的重音在第一個音節。

And let's look at "reCORD", which is a verb -- "to capture on film". Like now, I'm being

我們來看「record」，動詞，「捕捉影像畫面」，像現在，

"reCORDed". And it has two other meanings. It can be a file, an official file somewhere;

我正在「被錄影」。「Record」還有其他兩個意思，可以是一個檔案，一種正式文件；

you can have a "record" somewhere. Or it can be a different old-fashioned format of music,

你可以做個「紀錄」，或是指一種不一樣的復古音樂種類，

a round record. So here's a sentence. "We have a RECord of all the RECords reCORDED

圓形唱片。看這個例句：「我們有一個他們紀錄的圓形唱片檔案」

by them." This one's a noun; this one's a noun; and that's the verb. So the stress is

這個是名詞，這個是名詞，那個是動詞，重音位置不一樣。

in different places. I'll say that one again. "We have a RECord all of the RECords reCORDED

我再唸一次：「我們有一個他們紀錄的圓形唱片檔案」

by them." So that's what I'm going to tell you about

以上是我今天教的單字重音課程。

word stress today. If you do like this lesson, please give it a thumbs up. I'd really appreciate

如果你喜歡今天的課，請按個讚。如果你能訂閱我的頻道，

it if you subscribed to my channel, too. I do more lessons about learning English, not

我也會非常感激。我教很多關於英語學習的課程，

only on my EngVid channel, but on my personal channel. You can also go into the EngVid website

不只在EngVid頻道，還有我自己的頻道。你也可以上EngVid網站

to do the quiz on this, get a little bit more practice with your word stress -- words you

做這一課的課後測驗，多練習單字的重音規則─發重音的時候，

stress; words you unstress. And that's all I'm going to talk about for now -- I'm going

或是不發重音的時候。以上就是我今天要教的內容。

to talk about for now. So yeah. Come and see me again soon. Bye.

The key to sounding like a native speaker is the rhythm of your speech. When trying to improve their pronunciation, a lot of people put all their effort and energy...