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Worst case scenario: zombie apocalypse.
最糟的情況：活屍末日來臨了。
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How will you survive?
你要怎麼活下去？
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You might be surprised to find out how much geography skills can help you fend off doom.
你可能會驚訝的發現，地理學技巧對趨吉避凶來說多麼有用。
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By geography, I mean analyzing the world around you.
我所說的地理學指的是要你分析周圍的環境。
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One geographic concept that could really help you out in a zombie apocalypse is movement.
在活屍末日，有個幫得上忙的地理概念叫做「移動」。
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So, first, what moves?
首先，什麼會移動？
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People move, animals move, and, while sometimes slowly, zombies move as well.
人類會移動、動物會移動，還有雖然或許有點慢⋯⋯但活屍也會移動。
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But that's not all. Goods move, too.
不只如此，貨物也會移動。
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Goods can be resources, such as food supplies and weapons.
貨物可以是資源：如食物儲備以及武器。
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People or zombies tend to move these.
人類和活屍常會移動這些資源。
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So, if you see a big pile of zombie supplies where there wasn't one before, you're probably on the trail.
所以如果你看到了一大堆先前本來還不存在的活屍用品突然出現，代表活屍可能就在附近。
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Ideas also move.
想法也會移動。
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Ideas can include entertainment, zombie movies, news and information about zombie attacks, and architecture, or how to build a safe shelter.
想法包含娛樂、活屍電影、 關於活屍攻擊的新聞和資訊、 還有建築技術，也就是建造安全庇護所的方法。
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And, second, why do people or zombies move?
其次，為什麼人類或活屍會移動？
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When people, animals, or zombies move, it's called migration.
人類、動物、或活屍的移動被稱為「遷徙」。
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Two concepts that affect migration are push and pull factors.
影響遷徙的兩個概念叫作「推力」與「拉力」。
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Push factors will make you want to leave somewhere.
推力讓你想離開某地。
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Pull factors make you want to go to a place.
而拉力讓你想前往某地。
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A lack of resources, unstable economy, or high crime rate might be push factors making people want to move.
資源缺乏、經濟不穩定、 高犯罪率等都可能是讓人想離開的推力。
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Nice weather, a good economy, or lots of resources would be pull factors for lots of people, enticing them to move.
氣候宜人、經濟穩定、 資源充足則對許多人來說，可能就是吸引他們移動的拉力。
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While zombies are definitely a push factor for humans, a city full of people would be a pull factor for hungry zombies who want to eat humans.
活屍對人類來說當然是推力，但住滿人類的城市對想吃人的飢餓活屍來說，則肯定是拉力。
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There are some things that make movement easier for people or zombies.
有些東西可讓人類或活屍的移動變得更加容易。
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Waterways and highways can make traveling faster.
水路和公路會加快旅行的速度。
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Moving across clear, open space is easier than a tough terrain.
通過寬廣開闊的區域比通過崎嶇地形來得容易。
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And just as land forms can create boundaries that affect movement, so can political boundaries, like a border gate, for example.
如同地形會造成影響遷徙的邊界，政治的邊界也一樣，例如邊界檢查站等等。
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So, how can you analyze these movement factors to help your chance of survival?
那要怎麼分析這些移動因素，來幫你增加存活率呢？
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There are three basic steps.
有三個基本的步驟：
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One: Identify the points or locations to analyze.
一、確認要分析的地點或地區。
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What are your options?
你有哪些選擇？
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Two: Find what connects them.
二、找出地點間的連結。
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Are there highways, waterways, or open land?
有公路，水路，或開闊地嗎？
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And three: Find the patterns of movement that happen over that connection.
三、找尋這些連結之間平常的移動模式。
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Do people or goods move across it?
人和貨物有在移動嗎？
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By comparing relationships between different places, you can see what connections they have.
比較不同地點之間的關係，就可以看出它們之間是如何連結的。
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For example, pick two cities. Look at the highway connecting them.
比如說有兩個城市，中間有公路相連。
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If people use that highway to commute to work, those cities have a strong relationship.
如果人們用這條公路上下班，代表這兩個城市間的關係很強。
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But this other city over here doesn't have a direct connection to the other cities.
但是這裡的另一個城市和其他城市沒有直接的連結。
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There's even a river in the way.
中間甚至還有河水隔開。
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It doesn't have as strong of a relationship.
它們之間的關係就沒有那麼密切。
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If a zombie outbreak started here, which city would you rather start out in?
如果活屍危機爆發，你會希望身處哪一個城市？
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Where would you flee to?
你要逃去哪裡？
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So, how do you decide where to go in a zombie apocalypse?
所以活屍末日時，要怎麼決定該去哪裡？
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Do you just run in a random direction?
難道要毫無頭緒的隨便亂跑嗎？
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Or do you use your geographic skills to lead your camp of survivors to safety?
還是活用你的地理學技巧，帶領你的生還者伙伴們一起逃出生天？
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If you want to stay alive, it helps to understand how and why we move.
如果你想要活下去，就要了解我們如何，以及為何移動。
